'HS628'-A Potential Genetic Stock for Resistance to New Virulent Pathotypes of Black, Brown and Yellow Rusts of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

Three rusts of wheat viz., leaf / brown (Puccinia recondita sp. tritici), stripe / yellow (Puccinia striiformis sp tritici), stem / black (Puccinia graminis sp. tritici) are very devastating diseases causing huge losses to the wheat crop worldwide with India no exception. The 1BL.1RS translocation derived wheat varieties carrying Yr9/Lr26/Sr31/Pm8 gene complex provided protection against losses due to leaf and stripe rusts in India till 1995. However, the evolution of pathotype (pt) 46S119 virulent to Yr9 and Yr2 resistance genes has changed the whole scenario (Nayar et al., 1996). After breakdown of Yr9 based resistance, some protection against stripe rust was rendered by “Attila” germplasm derived wheat varieties that had Yr27 effective against pt. 46S119, was succumbed with new variant 78S84 (Prashar et al., 2007). Recently five new highly virulent pathotypes of stripe rust viz., 46S117, 110S119, 238S119, 110S247 and 110S84 have been identified in India (Gangwar et al., 2015). Due to emergence of these pathotypes , Yr12 became susceptible to pts. 110S84, 110S119, 110S247 and 238S119. Joss-Cambier carrying Yr11 gene, also became susceptible to the new pts. 110S84 and 238S119 in addition to 46S119 pathotype (Bhardwaj et al. Pers. Comm). Another gene Yr14 is also defeated by the new virulent pt. 110S119.