Problems and Solutions of Transport Logistics

Abstract

Different approaches to the definition “transport logistics” have been generalized. It has been justified that transport is one of the main costs in the logistics system. The categorical apparatus of transport logistics has been presented, namely, the essence of such categories has been revealed: general function, purpose, task (creation of transport systems; joint planning of transport processes on different types of transport; ensuring technological unity of transport-warehouse process; coordination of transport and production processes; choice of vehicle type; choice of vehicle type; ensuring technological unity of the transport process; determining a rational delivery route; eliminating the purpose conflict, reducing transportation costs; and goals of increasing warehouse costs). The functions of transport logistics have beensuggested, in particular: system-forming, integrating, regulating, resultant, reproducing. The factors that led to the allocation of transportation into a separate functional area of logistics have been characterized. These factors include a large proportion of transportation costs in total logistics costs; impossibility of organization and existence of material flow without transportation. Transport-logistic systems have been classified by types: delivery, service, transport. It has been determined that transport logistics has been linked with other logistics systems by such elements as warehouses and inventory. Nine groups of global problems of transport logistics in Ukraine have been identified, including: financial, technical, technological, information, economic, international, customs, environmental, labor. The main directions of overcoming financial, technical, technological, information, economic, international, customs, environmental and labor problems have been formulated. It has been proposed to determine the capacity of the transport services market of a certain region as the sum of volumes transport services provided in a certain region by local transport enterprises; provided by transport companies in other regions; provided by own vehicles of nontransport enterprises, population, etc.; transport services, that are not provided by carriers due to lack of transport capacity. Keywords—transport, transport logistics, management, material flows, cargo.