Sustainable Building Replacing Normal Construction Materials with Sustainable Materials

Abstract

The construction industry of the world is rapidly developing with the abrupt increase of the urban population. To meet the needs of the evolving industry and the surging population, the need of raw materials for the construction industry is rising day by day. Energy consumption in the building sector is very high. Carbondioxide emission are connected with offsite manufacturing of building materials and components ( cradle to site) .the materials such as cement ,hollow concrete block, bricks, reinforcement bars etc. emit un considerable amount of carbondioxide during the manufacturing process. Carbondioxide emission from 1 meter cube of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and cement are 25.47 kg, 63 kg and 417.6kg respectively. Embodied energy can be consumed directly in construction of building and other relative processes or indirectly for extracting raw materials manufacturing the building materials and relative products and transporting. In the present study we are entirely replacing the traditional material with sustainable material. Construction industry consumes more than 50 percentage of the raw materials obtained from the earth’s crust. In the nearby future these resources will get emptied. So it’s time to find the suitable sustainable alternative for the building components. Geopolymer concrete is the new development in the field of building construction in which cement is totally replaced by pozzolanic material like fly ash and activated by alkaline solution. This gives the effect of concentration of sodium hydroxide, temperature and duration of overheating on compressive strength of fly ash based geopolymer concrete. The Wool Glass Shell Brick (WGSB) is filled with waste materials from plants and other industries. Bamboo reinforced concrete construction follows the same design, mix proposition and construction techniques as used for steel reinforced. Steel reinforcement is replaced with bamboo reinforcement. Natural materials, bamboo has been widely used for many purposes. Mainly as a strength bearing material. Then wool glass shell brick, geopolymer concrete slab reinforced with bamboo, and geopolymer concrete block are manufactured. The manufactured materials are subjected to their respective tests and prototype is also constructed. From the study of materials, it is observed that percentage economy can be achieved using this sustainable material .The test results showed that the compressive strength, tensile strength and of the manufactured materials are much better than the conventional construction materials.