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Breast Cancer Detection Using Machine Learning Classifier 使用机器学习分类器检测乳腺癌
Tharun Kumar M. D, Soniya Priyatharsini G., Geetha S.
Breast cancer is one of the main causes of cancer death worldwide. Early diagnostics significantly increases the chances of correct treatment and survival, but this process is tedious and often leads to a disagreement between pathologists. The diagnosis is based on the qualification of histopathologist, who will look for abnormal cells. However, if the histopathologist is not well-trained, this may lead to wrong diagnosis. Computer- aided diagnosis systems showed potential for improving the diagnostic accuracy. In this work, we develop the computational approach based on deep convolution neural networks for breast cancer histology image classification. Hematoxylin and eosin stained breast histology microscopy image dataset is provided as a part of the ICIAR 2018 Grand Challenge on Breast Cancer Histology Images. Our approach utilizes several deep neural network architectures. Convolutional Neural Networks for Binary class classification and multiclass classification. The Binary class classification is used to classify the cancer cells to malignant and benign. And the Multiclass classification these classes into different subclasses like adenosis, fibroadenoma, phyllodes tumour, tabular adenoma for benign class and ductal carcinoma, lobular carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, papillary carcinoma for malignant class. The result will show Convolutional Neural Networks outperformed the handcrafted feature based classification with high accuracy in both binary and multiclass classification.
乳腺癌是全世界癌症死亡的主要原因之一。早期诊断大大增加了正确治疗和生存的机会,但这个过程很繁琐,经常导致病理学家之间的分歧。诊断是基于组织病理学家的资格,他们将寻找异常细胞。然而,如果组织病理学家没有受过良好的训练,这可能导致错误的诊断。计算机辅助诊断系统显示出提高诊断准确性的潜力。在这项工作中,我们开发了基于深度卷积神经网络的乳腺癌组织学图像分类的计算方法。苏木精和伊红染色的乳腺组织学显微镜图像数据集是ICIAR 2018年乳腺癌组织学图像大挑战的一部分。我们的方法利用了几个深度神经网络架构。卷积神经网络用于二分类和多分类。用二元分类法将癌细胞分为恶性和良性。并将这些分类分为不同的亚类,如腺病、纤维腺瘤、叶状瘤、扁平腺瘤为良性类,导管癌、小叶癌、粘液癌、乳头状癌为恶性类。结果表明,卷积神经网络在二元分类和多类分类中都优于基于手工特征的分类,准确率较高。
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引用次数: 0
A study on Organizational Culture and its Impact on Employees Behaviour with special reference to TTK Prestige Ltd, Coimbatore 组织文化及其对员工行为的影响研究——以哥印拜陀TTK威望有限公司为例
Dharshini S. N., R. A., Haritha S. R
Organizational culture is the accepted norms and values that are associated with a particular company. These norms are seen as distinctive to a particular organization. Organizational culture can be tackled in three realms such as behaviour & artifacts, values & assumptions and beliefs. The term behaviour denotes the visible elements of culture prevailing with a certain organizational dress code, the way employees use technology in their task etc. The objective of the study is to assess the existing culture of the organization and to find its impact on employee’s behaviour, to study the relationship between organizational culture and employee behaviour, to understand how the employer encourages participation in decision making and to find out the most influencing factors affecting organizational culture. The research design used in this study is descriptive research design. Data from 50 people were collected as population study. Data was collected by survey method through structured questionnaire with close-ended questions. The primary data was obtained through questionnaire directly from the employees. The secondary data was collected through internal source and external source, company records, documents, journals & websites. The collected data has been edited, classified and tabulated. The statistical tool used in this study is Percentage analysis, Chi-square test, and Correlation and Weighted Average method.
组织文化是与特定公司相关的公认规范和价值观。这些规范被视为特定组织的独特之处。组织文化可以在三个领域进行处理,例如行为和工件,价值观和假设以及信念。“行为”一词指的是某种组织着装规范、员工在工作中使用技术的方式等可见的文化元素。本研究的目的是评估组织的现有文化,并找出其对员工行为的影响,研究组织文化与员工行为之间的关系,了解雇主如何鼓励参与决策,找出影响组织文化的最重要因素。本研究采用描述性研究设计。收集了50人的数据作为人口研究。采用封闭式结构化问卷调查法收集数据。主要数据是通过直接向员工进行问卷调查获得的。通过内部来源和外部来源、公司记录、文件、期刊和网站收集二次数据。收集到的数据已经过编辑、分类和制表。本研究使用的统计工具为百分比分析、卡方检验、相关及加权平均法。
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引用次数: 0
A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System With Reference To Santhigiri Ashram, Trivandrum 绩效考核体系的有效性研究——以印度特里凡得琅Santhigiri道场为例
Sauravjith S, R. A.
The project work entitled “A study on the effectiveness of performance appraisal system “is mainly conducted to analysis the present performance appraisal system of the organization. The selected organization is Santhigiri Ashram Pothencode, Thiruvananthapuram. This study is a descriptive on based on questionnaire method. The sample procedure used in this study is convenience sampling. The sample unit consists of employees who worked in Santhigiri Ashram Thiruvananthapuram. The tool used in this study was percentage analysis method. Performance Appraisal can also be defined “The process of evaluating the performance and qualification of the employees in the terms of the requirement of the job fo which he is employed, for the purpose of administration including placement selection for promotions, providing financial rewards and other actions which required differential treatment amount the members of a group as distinguished from actions affecting all members equally “Performance appraisal has been consider as the most significant and indispensable tool for an organization, for the information it provides is highly useful in making decisions regarding various personnel aspects such as promotion and merit increase Performance measures also link information gathering and decision making processes which provide a basic for judging the effectiveness of personnel sub-divisions such as recruiting selection, training and compensation. Accurate information place a vital role in the organization as a whole. They help in finding out the weaknesses in the primary areas.
“绩效考核制度有效性研究”项目工作主要是对该组织目前的绩效考核制度进行分析。选定的组织是Thiruvananthapuram的Santhigiri Ashram Pothencode。本研究是基于问卷调查法的描述性研究。本研究使用的样本程序为方便抽样。样本单位由在Thiruvananthapuram的Santhigiri道场工作的员工组成。本研究使用的工具为百分比分析法。绩效考核也可以定义为“为了行政管理的目的,包括晋升的安排选择,根据所雇用的工作的要求,对雇员的表现和资格进行评价的过程。”提供财政奖励和其他需要区别对待的行动,使一个群体的成员区别于对所有成员都有平等影响的行动。因为它所提供的资料对作出关于各种人事方面的决定非常有用,例如晋升和加薪。考绩措施也把资料收集和决策过程联系起来,这些过程为判断人事分司的效力提供了基础,例如征聘选择、培训和补偿。准确的信息在整个组织中起着至关重要的作用。它们有助于找出主要领域的弱点。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-Vendor System 多供应商系统
Lijin V.
Multi-vendor market place allow the vendors sell their products by setting up an exclusive store front. The merchants can oversee co-ordinations, stock, item increments, and so on at their own end. The proprietor of the commercial center can acquire a commission on the offer of each item or by the other income age models. Online e-commerce sites are becoming more. Popular these days and generally meant for online shopping. Every person now-a-days is likely to buy products online as there are more discounts, reviews, ratings of the products. Huge number of alternatives are retrieved for the single user feature input set for a user interested product leading to information overload. This large amount of information will confuse and stop the consumer at some point of purchase. Moreover if the customer is likely to buy the same product with less price, he needs to visit as many sites for the best product. This prompts draw the client’s significant time and exertion. In this paper we separate the information from some online business sites by web rejecting devices. We consider the price, rating, reviews, shipping and cash on delivery basic features from the extraction. Then collect the data from n domains to a single domain apply normalization. Then based on the attributes and features we calculate weight to each product and stored in a sorted order. Based on the user input the top-k products are displayed. Therefore the information overload is reduced and the cross comparison is displayed.
多供应商市场允许供应商通过建立一个独家店面来销售他们的产品。商家可以在自己的端监督协调、库存、物品增量等等。商业中心的业主可以通过提供每件商品或通过其他收入模式获得佣金。网上电子商务网站越来越多。现在很流行,通常用于网上购物。现在每个人都可能在网上购买产品,因为网上有更多的折扣、评论和产品评级。为用户感兴趣的产品检索单个用户特征输入集的大量备选方案,导致信息过载。如此大量的信息会让消费者感到困惑,并在某些时候阻止他们购买。此外,如果客户可能以更低的价格购买相同的产品,他需要访问尽可能多的网站以获得最好的产品。这促使客户花费大量的时间和精力。在本文中,我们采用网页拒绝装置对一些在线商业网站的信息进行分离。我们考虑价格,评级,评论,运输和货到付款的基本特征从提取。然后从n个域中收集数据到单个域中应用规范化。然后根据属性和特征计算每个产品的权重,并按排序顺序存储。根据用户的输入,显示top-k的产品。因此,减少了信息过载,并显示了交叉比较。
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引用次数: 0
An Investigation on the Factors That Influence the Performance of Construction Projects 影响建设项目绩效的因素研究
Padmasree S., Niji T. N
Construction industry is considered as one of the most important and second largest industries in India after agriculture. It is well known that most construction projects in India, especially in Tamil Nadu are exposed to time and cost overrun or both. Time cost schedule is a crucial task in construction project management. This phenomenon may affect the progress of construction industry in India as well as may expose many institutions of construction to be destroyed. For instance; it can materially help to identify the expected financial requirements. It is also an important tool for the time control process. Construction project time schedule is greatly affected by many uncertain but predictable factors. This research lists the main factors affecting time and cost overrun and discusses their influence on schedule performance. The main factors are analysis using Statistical Package for the Social Science. From the analysis planning and scheduling deficiencies, financial unavailability, quality of materials, rain / inclement weather effect, inaccurate time estimates, design changes by owner found to be most critical factors.
建筑业被认为是印度仅次于农业的最重要和第二大产业之一。众所周知,印度的大多数建设项目,特别是在泰米尔纳德邦,都面临着时间和成本超支或两者兼而有之的问题。时间成本计划是建设项目管理中的一项重要工作。这种现象可能会影响印度建筑业的进步,也可能会使许多建筑机构遭到破坏。例如;它可以在很大程度上帮助确定预期的财务需求。它也是时间控制过程的重要工具。建设项目进度受到许多不确定但可预测因素的影响。本研究列出了影响时间和成本超支的主要因素,并讨论了它们对进度绩效的影响。主要因素是使用社会科学统计软件包进行分析。从分析中发现,计划和调度缺陷、资金不足、材料质量、降雨/恶劣天气影响、时间估计不准确、业主更改设计是最关键的因素。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental Investigation of Flexural Performance of Sandwiched Engineered Cementitious Composite Concrete Slab and Analysis using ANSYS Software 夹心工程胶凝复合混凝土板抗弯性能试验研究及ANSYS分析
Hima S, E. P. M.
Engineered cementitious composite (ECC) is an ultra-ductile cement based material reinforced with fibers. It is also called as Bendable concrete. ECC has many capabilities due to its superior properties characterized by high ductility, low permeability and high tensile strength. In this paper, the conventional concrete and engineered cementitious composite concrete are prepared of M30 grade incorporated with polypropylene fiber and sandwiched using steel mesh and the results are being compared and studied. The flexural behaviour of a sandwiched engineered cementitious composite (ECC) is studied and compared with that observed in a conventional concrete. Results of the sandwiched ECC concrete slab test indicate that brittle failures as shear failure and bond splitting failure observed in the conventional concrete slab can be prevented by using PP-ECC in place of the concrete. As a result, the sandwiched PP-ECC concrete slab indicate excellent ductile manner.
工程胶凝复合材料(ECC)是一种用纤维增强的超延性水泥基材料。它也被称为可弯曲混凝土。ECC具有高延性、低渗透性、高抗拉强度等优越性能,具有多种性能。本文以M30级聚丙烯纤维掺入钢网夹层制备了常规混凝土和工程胶凝复合混凝土,并对其效果进行了对比研究。研究了夹心工程胶凝复合材料(ECC)的抗弯性能,并与常规混凝土的抗弯性能进行了比较。夹心ECC混凝土板试验结果表明,采用PP-ECC代替混凝土可以防止常规混凝土板的剪切破坏和粘结断裂等脆性破坏。结果表明,夹心PP-ECC混凝土板具有良好的延性。
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引用次数: 0
Intelligent Vehicle Alert System for Drowsy Drivers Using Vision Transformers 使用视觉变压器的疲劳驾驶智能车辆警报系统
Gourikrishna J. S, Greeshma S. S, Devika Suresh S, Sruthy S. S
Road accidents can happen due to various causes but drowsiness, rash driving, drinking, and driving are among the most important factors. Driver drowsiness is a serious threat to road safety. Drowsiness affects the drivers’ sensory, cognitive, and psychomotor abilities, which are necessary for safe driving. Most driver monitoring systems already embedded in vehicles to detect drowsiness use vehicle-based features (i.e., measures) computed by outward-facing cameras for lane tracking or steering wheel angle sensors to analyse lane keeping and steering control behaviour. Though various drowsiness detection systems have been developed during last decade based on many factors, still the systems were demanding an improvement in terms of efficiency, accuracy, cost, speed, and availability, etc. Drowsiness is a term in which a driver feels sleepy while driving and this can detect it by blinking of eyes and yawning. In this project, proposed an integrated approach depends on the eye and mouth closure status (PERCLOS)) face features of the driver. The Face Detector is used to locate the face of a driver in an image and returns as a bounding box or rectangle box values. The Facial Landmark Shape Predictors uses two algorithms namely fixed thresholding and dynamic frame thresholding to extract the facial features that help in calculating essential parameters, i.e., Eye Aspect Ratio (EAR) and Mouth Opening Ratio (MOR). The two methods use both MOR and EAR parameters to decide the driver’s drowsiness level. Then it Alert or warn the driver by playing sounds or voice message. This helps to find the status of the closed eyes or opened mouth like yawning, and any frame finds that has hand gestures like nodding or covering opened mouth with hand as innate nature of humans when trying to control the sleepiness. This system uses computer vision technology which uses cameras to predict the driver’s fatigue and alert the driver to take a rest.
道路交通事故的发生有多种原因,但最重要的因素是嗜睡、鲁莽驾驶、饮酒和驾驶。司机困倦严重威胁着道路安全。嗜睡会影响驾驶员的感觉、认知和精神运动能力,而这些能力对于安全驾驶是必要的。大多数已经嵌入到车辆中的驾驶员监控系统用于检测睡意,使用基于车辆的特征(即测量),通过向外摄像头计算车道跟踪或方向盘角度传感器来分析车道保持和转向控制行为。在过去的十年中,尽管基于多种因素开发了各种各样的睡意检测系统,但这些系统在效率、准确性、成本、速度和可用性等方面仍然需要改进。睡意是指司机在开车时感到困倦,这可以通过眨眼和打哈欠来检测。在本项目中,提出了一种基于驾驶员眼睛和嘴巴闭合状态(PERCLOS)面部特征的综合方法。人脸检测器用于定位图像中驱动程序的人脸,并以边界框或矩形框值的形式返回。面部标志形状预测器使用固定阈值和动态帧阈值两种算法来提取面部特征,这些特征有助于计算关键参数,即眼宽比(EAR)和张嘴比(MOR)。这两种方法都使用MOR和EAR参数来确定驾驶员的困倦程度。然后通过播放声音或语音信息提醒或警告司机。这有助于发现闭上眼睛或张开嘴巴的状态,如打哈欠,任何框架都发现有手势,如点头或用手捂住张开的嘴,这是人类在试图控制嗜睡时的天生天性。该系统采用计算机视觉技术,通过摄像头预测驾驶员的疲劳程度,提醒驾驶员休息。
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引用次数: 0
A High-Speed, Area-Efficient Transfer Method Using a Reverse Carry Propagate Adder 一种使用反向进位传播加法器的高速高效传输方法
Muralikrishna V. S, oselin Kavitha M. J
The most important component of any electronic device has historically been the arithmetic and logic unit. An efficient algorithmic function, such as addition and multiplication, which is required for an arithmetic as well as logic unit to be significant in the current improvement. For performing modular arithmetic in several cryptography and pseudorandom bit generator (PRBG) algorithms, the three-operand binary adder is the fundamental functional unit. In this paper, this study purposes a reverse carry propagate adder A carry input signal is more important than the carry output signal because, in the RCPA structure, the carry signal flows counter-clockwise from the most significant bit to the least significant bit. In the presence of delay changes, this carry propagation technique results in greater stability. Three implementations of the reverse carry propagate full-adder cell with different delay, power, energy, and accuracy levels are introduced by this study.As a result, it continues as one of the greatest options for creating huge arithmetic circuits with little increase in area and minimal power and energy usage.
历史上,任何电子设备中最重要的部件都是算术和逻辑单元。一种有效的算法函数,如加法和乘法,它是当前改进中重要的算术和逻辑单元所必需的。三操作数二进制加法器是几种加密和伪随机比特发生器(PRBG)算法中执行模运算的基本功能单元。在本文中,本研究的目的是一个反向进位传播加法器。进位输入信号比进位输出信号更重要,因为在RCPA结构中,进位信号从最高有效位到最低有效位逆时针流动。在存在延迟变化的情况下,这种进位传播技术具有更大的稳定性。本文介绍了三种具有不同延迟、功率、能量和精度的反向进位全加法器单元的实现方法。因此,它仍然是创建巨大算术电路的最佳选择之一,面积几乎没有增加,功率和能源使用最少。
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引用次数: 0
Early Stage Diabetes Prediction of Patients in Big Data Healthcare Using Sophisticated Machine Learning Approach 利用复杂的机器学习方法在大数据医疗中预测早期糖尿病患者
Aswathy G Ashok
Diabetes is an illness caused because of high glucose level in a human body. Diabetes should not be ignored if it is untreated then Diabetes may cause some major issues in a person like: heart related problems, kidney problem, blood pressure, eye damage and it can also affects other organs of human body. Diabetes can be controlled if it is predicted earlier. To achieve this goal this project work will do early prediction of Diabetes in a human body or a patient for a higher accuracy through applying, Various Machine Learning Techniques. Machine learning is an emerging scientific field in data science dealing with the ways in which machines learn from experience. The aim of this project is to develop a system which can perform early prediction of diabetes for a patient with a higher accuracy by combining the results of different machine learning techniques. In this work, Boosting decision tree model (BDT) is used to predict the diabetes. The proposed model is used boosting algorithm to enhance the perform ace of the model. The accuracy is different for every model when compared to other models. The Result shows that the proposed model achieved higher accuracy compared to other machine learning techniques.
糖尿病是由于人体内葡萄糖水平过高而引起的一种疾病。糖尿病不应该被忽视,如果不治疗,那么糖尿病可能会导致一些主要问题,如:心脏相关问题,肾脏问题,血压,眼睛损伤,它也会影响人体的其他器官。如果能及早预测,糖尿病是可以控制的。为了实现这一目标,该项目工作将通过应用各种机器学习技术对人体或患者的糖尿病进行早期预测,以达到更高的准确性。机器学习是数据科学中一个新兴的科学领域,研究机器从经验中学习的方式。该项目的目的是开发一个系统,通过结合不同机器学习技术的结果,以更高的准确性为患者进行糖尿病的早期预测。本文采用Boosting决策树模型(BDT)对糖尿病患者进行预测。该模型采用了增强算法来增强模型的性能。与其他模型相比,每种模型的精度都是不同的。结果表明,与其他机器学习技术相比,该模型取得了更高的精度。
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引用次数: 0
A Study on Effectiveness of Motivational on Employee with Special Reference to Shiash Info Solutions Pvt Ltd, Chennai. 员工激励的有效性研究——以金奈Shiash Info Solutions Pvt Ltd为例。
Athira B. G, R. A., Nanda G.
The title of the project report’s ‘A study on Effectiveness of Motivational on employee’. The project work has been carried out at Shiash info solutions Pvt ltd in Chennai for the potential fulfillment of the MBA program under Anna University, Chennai. Organizational culture is the accepted norms and values that are associated with a particular company. These norms are seen as distinctive to a particular organization. Organizational culture can be tackled in three real ms such as behavior & artifacts, values & assumptions and beliefs. The term behavior denotes the visible elements of culture prevailing with a certain organizational dress code, the way employees use technology in their task etc. Their search design us edit this study is descriptive research design. Data from 50 people were collected as population study. Data was collected by survey method through structured questionnaire with close-ended questions. The primary data was obtained through questionnaire directly from the employees. The secondary data was collected through internal source and external source, company records, documents, journals &websites. The collected data has been edited, classified and tabulated. The statistical tool used in this study is Percentage analysis, Chi-square test, and Weighted Average method.
项目报告的题目是“员工激励的有效性研究”。该项目工作已在金奈的Shiash信息解决方案私人有限公司进行,以潜在地实现金奈安娜大学的MBA课程。组织文化是与特定公司相关的公认规范和价值观。这些规范被视为特定组织的独特之处。组织文化可以在三个真实的ms中处理,如行为和工件,价值观和假设以及信念。行为一词指的是某种组织着装规范、员工在工作中使用技术的方式等可见的文化元素。本研究采用描述性研究设计。收集了50人的数据作为人口研究。采用封闭式结构化问卷调查法收集数据。主要数据是通过直接向员工进行问卷调查获得的。通过内部来源和外部来源、公司记录、文件、期刊和网站收集二次数据。收集到的数据已经过编辑、分类和制表。本研究使用的统计工具为百分比分析、卡方检验和加权平均法。
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引用次数: 0
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The International Conference on scientific innovations in Science, Technology, and Management
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