Analysis of comb formation process for sowing sugar beets on heavy soils

Abstract

Improving the efficiency of sugar beet production is possible by developing alternative technologies for growing root crops and substantiation of rational parameters of advanced technological processes and tools for pre-sowing tillage. In particular, these areas of research are relevant and have scientific priority in sowing of sugar beet seeds and their cultivation on heavy soils. Based on the analysis of known technologies, a ridge method of sowing sugar beet seeds and a technical device (cultivator-comb-former) for the formation of pre-sowing ridges on heavy soils are proposed. The technological process of field surface profiling in autumn is considered, the analytical analysis of the geometric model of ridge formation by cultivator-comb-former is developed and given. The constructive-technological scheme of the cultivator, its comb sections is substantiated. At the analytical level, the design parameters of the working body for the formation of the profile of pre-sowing ridges from the condition of stabilizing the movement of the working body of the comb sections of the cultivator at a given depth are analysed. Experimental studies of the process of forming the profile of the ridge of the proposed cultivator are conducted in the soil channel modeling the soil environment in the form of heavy soils. The regression equation of the dependence of the change in the depth of the working body of the cultivator and the height of the formed ridges on the length of the leash and the stiffness of the spring of the parallelogram mechanism of the comb sections developed. It is established that the rational geometric parameters of the ridge surface when sowing sugar beet seeds on heavy soils with row spacing 0.45 m will be: substantiated: the length of the leash of the parallelogram suspension is 0.27 + 0.01 m; the height of the crest 0.12 ± 0.01 m; the depth of the ridge gap relative to the ridge depression 0.08 ± 0.01 m.