Antibacterial activities of Calpurnia aurea and Ocimum lamiifolium extracts against selected gram positive and gram-negative bacteria

A. Melese, B. Dobo, Abriham Mikru
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Indigenous knowledge, literature reports and ethnobotanical records suggest that plants are the basis for medicines. This study was designed to examine in-vitro antibacterial activity of Calpurnia aurea (leaf, bark) and Ocimum lamiifolium (leaf, flower) collected from Wonsho and Shebedino districts of Sidama Zone, southern Ethiopia, with different solvents against three Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and one Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria in 2018. The leaf and bark of Calpurnia aurea and leaf and flower of Ocimum lamiifolium were dried, powdered and extracted with 80% acetone, ethanol, methanol and distilled water. Disc diffusion method was used for the antibacterial assay and measuring the zone of inhibition and minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) was determined by broth macrodilution method. The highest percentage yield of crude bioactive agents, i.e., 36.9% was obtained from Ocimum lamiifolium leaf with methanol as a solvent, while the lowest yield 12.6% was obtained from Calpurnia aurea bark with acetone extract. All crude extracts from the different plant parts showed antibacterial activity. Accordingly, Calpurnia aurea bark with methanol extract exhibited the highest antibacterial activity 22.64±0.95 (mm) against S. aureus which was comparable to standard antibiotic disc Ciprofloxacin with inhibition zone of 24.00 ±0.19 (mm), while the lowest inhibition of 6.12±0.41 (mm) was recorded from Ocimum lamiifolium flower with water crude extract against P. aeruginosa. The MIC of 3.13mg/ml was observed from methanol crude extract of bark of Calpurina aurea on S. aurea. Crude bark extract of Methanol showed the highest antibacterial activity. The studies revealed that antibacterial activity of the crude extracts from the different parts of the plant were variable when extracted by different solvents, however, possesses good antimicrobial activity which support the traditional use of the plant in the treatment of bacterial infections under study. Finally, to support the traditional users, scientific verification on phytochemical analysis and toxicity test should be carried out to confirm users’ safety.
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金莲和山茱萸提取物对选定的革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌的抑菌活性
土著知识、文献报告和民族植物学记录表明,植物是药物的基础。本研究旨在检测2018年在埃塞俄比亚南部Sidama区Wonsho和Shebedino地区采集的金毛Calpurnia aureum(叶、树皮)和Ocimum lamifolium(叶、花)在不同溶剂下对3种革兰氏阴性菌(大肠杆菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和铜绿假单胞菌)和1种革兰氏阳性菌(金黄色葡萄球菌)的体外抗菌活性。用80%丙酮、乙醇、甲醇和蒸馏水对金莲叶、树皮和山茱萸叶、花进行干燥、粉碎和提取。采用盘片扩散法测定抑菌区,用肉汤稀释法测定最小抑菌浓度(MIC)。以甲醇为溶剂的木犀叶的粗生活性物质得率最高,为36.9%;以丙酮为溶剂的金毛树皮的粗生活性物质得率最低,为12.6%。不同植物部位的粗提物均具有抑菌活性。结果表明,金莲树皮甲醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性最高,为22.64±0.95 (mm),与标准抗生素盘片环丙沙星相当,抑菌带为24.00±0.19 (mm);金莲花水粗提物对铜绿假单胞菌的抑菌带最低,为6.12±0.41 (mm)。金盏花树皮甲醇粗提物对金盏花的MIC为3.13mg/ml。甲醇树皮粗提物的抑菌活性最高。研究表明,不同溶剂提取的植物不同部位粗提物抑菌活性不同,但均具有良好的抑菌活性,支持了该植物在治疗所研究细菌感染方面的传统应用。最后,为支持传统用户,应进行植物化学分析和毒性试验的科学验证,以确认用户的安全性。
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