A comprehensive Cervical Cancer Control Plan in a low-middle income country: Bangladesh perspective

Abstract

Carcinoma cervix is one of the most important preventable and curable diseases of women of reproductive age. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), especially the oncogenic HPV are the main culprit of this disease. Effective vaccination of HPV can prevent Carcinoma cervix and it is the preferred method for long-term reduction of Cervical neoplasia. Developed countries have established comprehensive HPV vaccination programs, but it is not established in the low-middle income countries yet. The objective of our paper is to evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of HPV vaccination for the prevention of Ca Cervix and make a comprehensive cancer control plan for Ca Cervix in a low-middle income country setting. We used narrative analysis to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of HPV vaccination for a low resource low-middle income country and propose a comprehensive cancer control plan appropriate for them. Primary prevention (HPV vaccination) along with Secondary prevention (Screening by Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid-VIA or Pap smear or HPV DNA detection) and early treatment of precancerous lesions are very much cost-effective for the prevention of Cervical cancer. Carcinoma cervix is a preventable and curable disease despite rapidly growing cancer with high mortality and morbidity. A comprehensive cancer control plan with effective screening and HPV vaccination will make a difference by reducing the national and global burden of Cervical.