Joint Energy-Limited UAV Trajectory and Node Wake-Up Scheduling Optimization for Data Collection in Maritime Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

In recent years, the maritime industry is experiencing a deep integration with advanced wireless communication technologies. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) play a key role in data collection for marine scenarios due to their high maneuverability. However, the energy budget of UAVs is limited, which may lead to incomplete data collection from sensor nodes (SNs). In this paper, we study a wireless sensor network (WSN) including an energy-limited UAV and many SNs, where the UAV acts as a data collector and can fly close to the SNs to reduce the energy consumption of the SNs. By introducing the concept of served SNs, we jointly optimize the wake-up schedules of SNs and UAV trajectory to maximize the number of served SNs, considering the energy budget of the UAV. The formulated problem is a mixed integer non-linear program, which is intractable, and an efficient algorithm is proposed to obtain the suboptimal solution by applying the successive convex approximation technique. Simulation results have shown that the number of served SNs improvement can be achieved by the proposed design, compared to the baseline schemes.