T-LEACH: Threshold sensitive Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy for Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs) consists of spatially distributed autonomous sensor nodes to monitor physical or environmental conditions. The major advantage of WSN is that it can be installed in harsh environment such as in volcanic eruption, seismic regions, battlefield and forest, etc. The sensor nodes are generally battery-powered devices, the key task in WSN is to reduce the energy consumption of nodes so that the lifetime of the network can be augmented. Energy efficiency and information gathering is a major concern in many applications of WSNs. Many techniques have been developed till now in order to achieve an energy efficient network. Hierarchical clustering is an effective method to save energy in WSNs. Some of the most common energy-efficiency sensor networks protocols is Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) as source. In this paper, we propose Threshold sensitive Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy for Wireless Sensor Networks (T-LEACH). This last considers the node's heterogeneity of nodes and residual energy for choosing the optimal cluster head (CH). The simulation results have clearly shown that T-LEACH reduces the node's energy consumption, improves the network lifetime and packet transfer ratio.