Zanthoxylum Armatum: A Systemic Review of its EthnoMedicinal Properties, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology

Abstract

Background: Zanthoxylum armatum DC., a popular spice and traditional medicine is widely distributed throughout North Eastern region of India. The plant has been used in different indigenous medicinal practices to cure several diseases associated with digestive and nervous system. Aim: The aim of this paper is to provide a systematic review on taxonomy, ethnomedicinal properties, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of this plant. Furthermore, the possible development and perspectives for future research on this plant are also discussed. Materials and methods: Upto date information was gathered through a search of different books, journals, articles, annual reports, proceedings and web-based materials. Result: The different plant parts like leaves, fruits, stem, bark, seeds and roots are enriched with various secondary metabolites viz. alkaloids, sterols, phenolics, lignins, coumarins, terpenoids and flavonoids. It is considered as one of the most valued commercial trade medicinal plant due to its multidirectional therapeutic applications in Ayurveda and other traditional system of medicine. Pharmacological findings revealed its potential as nootropic, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, cytotoxic, insecticidal/larvicidal drug. Conclusion: Zanthoxylum armatum is one of the important folklore medicinal plants cultivated in North Eastern region of India. Its diverse therapeutic applications can be associated with the presence of various secondary metabolites. The various ethno-pharmacological applications of Zanthoxylum armatum have been verified by several related researches. More extensive study on the individual specific phyto-component can lead to novel innovations for the well-being of