Політика «м’якої сили» Угорщини на Закарпатті: цілі, суб’єкти, напрями

Abstract

The policy of «soft power» of Hungary in Transcarpathia is systemic and purposeful. The main objectives of the «soft» influence of Budapest are: creating an attractive image of Hungary, strengthening the unity of the Hungarian nation, providing autonomy to Transcarpathia, using the loyal population as an electorate to support the ruling party, forming a reserve of labor and intellectual resources, etc. The main subjects of the «soft power» of Budapest are: public authorities (government and parliament) of Hungary, Hungarian diplomatic (consular) institutions, state and non-state funds, public organizations and parties, Hungarian educational institutions. The object of the «soft» policy of Hungary is the Hungarian-speaking and Ukrainian-speaking population of Transcarpathia. The main directions of Hungary's «soft power» are: the dissemination of Hungarian citizenship, humanitarian (educational and cultural), economic (financial support), information (the dissemination of certain ideas and views). The result of the «soft power» of Budapest is the creation of the identity of the neighboring state in the separate region of Ukraine. Under certain foreign policy circumstances, this can have destructive consequences for our state. This problem has not yet been the subject of a separate scientific research in domestic science, although some of its aspects were considered in the media. Therefore, on the basis of theoretical approaches within the framework of the concept of soft power, the aims, directions and peculiarities of Hungary's use of "soft" effects in the Transcarpathian region are investigated.