Failure Analysis of Superheater Outlet Header

H. Thielsch, R. Smoske, F. J. Cone, J. Husband
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

In Nov. 1998, the west superheater outlet header at an electricity generating plant began to leak steam. Subsequent investigation revealed the presence of a crack that extended for 360 deg around the full circumference of the header and through the full cross-sectional thickness. The subsequent inspection of this header and the east superheater header revealed the presence of extremely severe ligament cracking. They operated at 2400 psi (16.5 MPa) and a temperature of 540deg C (1005 deg F). Both were fabricated from seamless pipe produced in accordance with ASME Specification SA-335, and the steel was Grade P22, a 2.25Cr-1Mo alloy steel. Visual and metallurgical evaluations showed the cracking in the west superheater outlet header was caused by thermal fatigue. Tube holes had served as a preferential site for thermal fatigue cracking.
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过热器出口集管失效分析
1998年11月,某发电厂的西部过热器出口集管开始泄漏蒸汽。随后的调查显示,存在一个360度的裂缝,该裂缝围绕着头部的整个周长和整个横截面厚度。随后对这个头部和东面过热器头部的检查显示存在极其严重的韧带断裂。它们的工作压力为2400psi (16.5 MPa),温度为540摄氏度(1005华氏度)。它们都是由符合ASME规范SA-335的无缝管制成的,钢为P22级,一种2.25Cr-1Mo合金钢。目视和金相评价表明,西过热器出口集箱开裂是由热疲劳引起的。管孔是热疲劳开裂的首选部位。
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