Hybrid Encryption Algorithm for the Data Security of ESP32 based IoT-enabled Robots

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the growing digital applications in modern times. With the increase of the application of IoT in the fields of networked mobile robotics, Smart Grid, etc., the concern about the security protocols also rises along with it. Cybersecurity is one of the most important network security protocols for the safety of IoT-enabled devices as all the devices are connected and inter-exchanging various data over the internet. Various encryption algorithms for securing data in cybersecurity management are already in existence. RSA, ECC, and other existing encryption algorithms are frequently used in various fields of IoT applications such, however, they have many shortcomings. Among the existing algorithm, AES is one of the best algorithms because it can provide an excellent level of security and its encryption speed is much faster than others. But AES is vulnerable to Key Recovery Attack. In order to overcome this shortcoming and to provide a more secured security protocol, Hybrid Encryption Algorithm (HEA) has been introduced in this paper and implemented in an ESP32 based IoT-enabled mobile robot. The HEA consist of base64 and AES, which is double-layered encryption for data security. The level of security is much higher than the commonly used encryption algorithm. The complexity and runtime are less than other encryption topology. The proposed technique has been computed in ESP32 and the performance was observed to be much better in terms of security level, complexity, execution time, and power consumption of the device.