Reorientation of the Andragogy Concept and Its Relevance to Higher Education in Indonesia for Answering the Global Era of Information: Critical Review of Malcolm Knowles Perspective

Abstract

. Education problems have always been very unique discussions. In recent times, issues of modernization often emerge that are not only positive for millennial generations, but also negative. The current problem that often arises with regard to the rapid development of science and technology in this century is about the loss of moral and social values. Many critics came, especially to the output of higher education in Indonesia, especially highlighting their failure to produce qualified and competent graduates. This article will explore the concept of andragogy according to Malcolm Knowles and its relevance to higher education in Indonesia. The article used a qualitative library type research approach to form a comprehensive scientific synthesis. In general, Knowles's concept of andragogy is very relevant to the spirit promoted by higher education in Indonesia. This is due to many orientations that are suitable between the two. In addition, ideally higher education must refer to the concept of andragogy. However, higher education must be able to optimize the potential of students who have indeed transformed from the juvenile to adult phases. With the development of science and technology in this fast-paced information age, higher education graduates are expected to have personal competent and social abilities. To get both, a process that is appropriate to their character is needed as a person who is transforming into maturity, namely by implementing an educational process that is in accordance with the basic principles of andragogy of Malcolm Knowles. With education that optimizes motivation from within oneself, the competence and potential of each individual will be maximally developed. Thus, higher education can produce graduates who are truly able to compete in this information era.