Thermal optimum design for tracking primary mirror of Space Telescope

Haichao Pan, P. Ruan, Fu Li, Hongwei Wang
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Abstract

In the conventional method, the structural parameters of primary mirror are usually optimized just by the requirement of mechanical performance. Because the influences of structural parameters on thermal stability are not taken fully into account in this simple method, the lightweight optimum design of primary mirror usually brings the bad thermal stability, especially in the complex environment. In order to obtain better thermal stability, a new method about structure-thermal optimum design of tracking primary mirror is discussed. During the optimum process, both the lightweight ratio and thermal stability will be taken into account. The structure-thermal optimum is introduced into the analysis process and commenced after lightweight design as the secondary optimum. Using the engineering analysis of software ANSYS, a parameter finite element analysis (FEA) model of mirror is built. On the premise of appropriate lightweight ratio, the RMS of structure-thermal deformation of mirror surface and lightweight ratio are assigned to be state variables, and the maximal RMS of temperature gradient load to be object variable. The results show that certain structural parameters of tracking primary mirror have different influences on mechanical performance and thermal stability, even they are opposite. By structure-thermal optimizing, the optimized mirror model discussed in this paper has better thermal stability than the old one under the same thermal loads, which can drastically reduce difficulty in thermal control.
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空间望远镜跟踪主镜的热优化设计
在传统的方法中,通常只根据机械性能的要求来优化主镜的结构参数。由于这种简单的方法没有充分考虑结构参数对热稳定性的影响,主镜的轻量化优化设计往往带来较差的热稳定性,特别是在复杂环境下。为了获得更好的热稳定性,讨论了跟踪主镜结构-热优化设计的新方法。在优化过程中,轻质比和热稳定性都要考虑在内。在分析过程中引入了结构-热优化,并在轻量化设计之后开始作为二次优化。利用ANSYS工程分析软件,建立了反射镜的参数有限元分析模型。在适当轻量化比的前提下,将镜面结构-热变形均方根值和轻量化比设为状态变量,将温度梯度载荷的最大均方根值设为目标变量。结果表明:跟踪主镜的某些结构参数对机械性能和热稳定性的影响不同,甚至相反;通过结构-热优化,在相同热负荷下,优化后的反射镜模型具有更好的热稳定性,大大降低了热控制的难度。
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