Change of Organizations

Abstract

Organizations are crucial elements in innovation systems. Yet, their role is so ubiquitous that it is difficult to grasp and to examine all kinds of organization that are present in an innovation system. The purpose of this chapter is to define the conceptual basis of innovation policy in relation to the role of organizations, looking in particular at the roles of entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship as examples of organizational change. In so doing, this chapter aims at making three contributions. Firstly, it defines the roles of entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship in the innovation system, a crucial topic in understanding innovation dynamics and its blurring boundaries. Secondly, it identifies some common entrepreneurship- and intrapreneurship-related obstacles and barriers in the innovation system, and examines the policy instruments to solve or mitigate them. Thirdly, it discusses the limits of public policy and suggests key issues in the design of innovation policy.