{"title":"4D Antennas Design and Technology – the State of the Art","authors":"J. Modelski, Y. Yashchyshyn, Grzegorz Bogdan","doi":"10.1109/IEEE-IWS.2019.8803899","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The 4D (four-dimensional) antenna array introduces time as an additional degree of freedom in antenna beamforming. Periodical on/off switching applied to each element of the antenna array leads to generation of sidebands which are suitable for multi-channel transmission and smart beamforming. This paper provides an overview of the state of the art in the area of 4D antennas with focus on technical limitations and achievable performance.","PeriodicalId":306297,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE MTT-S International Wireless Symposium (IWS)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"3","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"2019 IEEE MTT-S International Wireless Symposium (IWS)","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEE-IWS.2019.8803899","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Abstract
The 4D (four-dimensional) antenna array introduces time as an additional degree of freedom in antenna beamforming. Periodical on/off switching applied to each element of the antenna array leads to generation of sidebands which are suitable for multi-channel transmission and smart beamforming. This paper provides an overview of the state of the art in the area of 4D antennas with focus on technical limitations and achievable performance.
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