The influence of the stubble biodestroyer and the main tillage method on the nutrient regime of the soil

Abstract

Annually, soil fertility indicators decrease in Ukraine. Therefore, to ensure a deficit-free soil balance, it is necessary to attract additional reserves of organic raw materials, in particular, post-harvest residues of agricultural crops, and to use biological preparations for their destructuring. To date, the effect of stubble biodestructors on the processes of mineralization of post-harvest plant residues has not yet been fully studied, especially under different methods of main tillage, therefore the purpose of our study was to determine the influence of the destructor Ecostern Classic and the method of main tillage on its nutritional regime in the conditions of southern Ukraine. Research methods: field, laboratory. Research has established that the amount of nitrates, mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium that remained on average over the years of research in the soil of the experimental site after harvesting winter wheat was 6.3, respectively; 47.5 and 208.8 mg/kg of soil, and after harvesting winter barley – 5.9; 42.8 and 202.4 mg/kg of soil. After partial mineralization of plant residues of winter crops, in three months, the content of nutrients in the soil increased, especially when treated with the Ecostern Classic biodestroyer. It was determined that the use of plowing contributed to the acceleration of the mineralization of plant residues of winter wheat and the greater accumulation of nutrients in the soil. Thus, during the treatment of post-harvest remains of winter wheat with a biodestructor using plowing, 11.3 mg/kg of soil nitrates, 53.9 mg/ kg of soil of mobile phosphorus and 261.8 mg/kg of soil of exchangeable potassium were determined. For the processing of post-harvest remains of winter barley, the indicators were slightly lower – 10.5, respectively; 51.5 and 251.0 mg/ kg of soil. The practical value of the research lies in the improvement of the processes associated with increasing the fertility of the soils of southern Ukraine due to the much more rational use of post-harvest remains of winter wheat and barley