Interrelation of stress resistance and adaptability at doctors and students of medical institute

Abstract

Relevance of research. The profession of the doctor belongs to one of the most difficult, psychoemotionally intense and responsible kind of activity. The quantity of occupation types which carry to activity in special and extreme conditions constantly extends. Extreme conditions of professional activity accompany such professions like the pediatrician, the surgeon, the stomatologist, the resuscitator, the emergency doctor, the obstetriciangynecologist and others. Extremeness of conditions and a professional stress is caused by high level of responsibility for other people's life, tension and large volume of work, complex relationship with patients and colleagues and a lot of factors of the industrial environment. The relevance of the studied problem is caused by need of maintaining physical and psychological health of medical workers in order to increase their adaptability and resistance to extreme factors in professional activity and in the conditions of daily tension. For health care quality improvement it's important not only to establish stress factors of doctor’s professional activity, but also to define conditions of rising his adaptability and resistance to stress. The aim of research is to study the dominating stress factors for employees of medical institutions and students of medical school, their adaptability and resistance to stress. Methods and techniques of the research There were used "Scale of an Organizational Stress (SOS)" of McLean, adapted by N.E. Vodopyanova; "Assessment of emotional and activity adaptability" (N.P. Fetiskin, V.V. Kozlov, G.M. Manuylov); the questionnaire "The description of professional activity" developed by E.A. Klimov (modified by us). The reliability of test results was confirmed by use of statistical methods: t-Spirmen's rank correlation and Styyudent's t-criterion. The hypothesis of existence of interrelation between adaptability and resistance to stress at doctors was verified in research. The following results were received. As stressful factors for doctors are named limited time for appointment the patient, the discrepancy between payment and labor costs, physical exercises, communication with emotionally unbalanced patients and their parents, night watches, high rate of work, high level of responsibility for life and health of other people, inability and impossibility to switch attention to other not working problem, difficulties after the end of the working day, great demands to professional characteristics placed by patients. The age and longevity or track record don’t correlate with the level of an organizational stress and level of adaptability. Specific stress factors can be at each age stage and level of professional growth, but on some doctors they can make stronger impact, on others this factors make weaker impact. The profile of the doctor and his official functionality in many ways determine the level of an organizational stress. The primary doctor, his deputy, managers of department (pediatric, therapeutical), the hospital manager, and the psychiatrist show the maximum indicators of a stress and the minimum indicators of adaptability. The highly reliable negative correlation (0.779) takes place between the stress level and level of adaptability. Most of the doctors affected to the high influence of stressful factors have low adaptability and don't cope with the stress influence, paying off with own health and professional burning out. It's shown that heads of medical department with high level of II International Scientific-Practical Conference "Psychology of Extreme Professions" (ISPCPEP 2019) Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 321