Deep learning Feedforward Neural Network in predicting model of Environmental risk factors in the Sohar region

Abstract

AQI (Air Quality Index) is the standard degree that guides us to measure air pollution levels such as PM2.5, O3, NO2, and SO2 to show the state of air quality. Polluted gas causes much damage and problems to people, plants, and the environment because of its negative impact. Data mining successfully examines an enormous cluster of data to recognize associations, determine relations between variables, and predict future values. In this paper, an experimental study was performed on analyzing the previous dataset of (PM2.5 and O3) for accurately predicting AQI using deep learning Feedforward Neural network techniques. The deep learning (Feedforward Neural Network (FFNN) predicting models are employed to evaluate based on R, R², MSE, MAE, and RMSE criteria using historical data from (the Ministry of Environment-Oman). Different epochs and a different number of hidden layers are deployed to improve and boost performance. In FFNN, the epochs number increase by 50,100 and 500 while the hidden layer utilized to 1,5 and 10. This optimization technique exceeds the performance from R=0.892 to R=0.992 in predicting the level of (PM2.5) and the (O3) from R=0.864 to R=0.999. The results show that the Sohar Region in a safe level of AQI.