Study the effect of Environmental Factors on the performance of Photovoltaic Module

Abstract

The effects of various environmental factors have been studied on the efficiency of the PV module as an essential part of the work and how to enhance its efficiency by reducing the influences environmental factors. The study deals with the efficiency of PV module and how to calculate and improve them. The measurements were made from December 2020 to August 2021 at 9 am to 5 pm for the weather of the city of Nasiriyah. The examination a single PV module is used, which gave an PMAX equal to 10 Watt. The most important has been studied on the PV is the temperature, whenever its grateful that led to decline in the output voltage and slight decrease in the output current. The output current PV module increased when the rise in the solar irradiance. To mitigate the impact of this factor, air cooling and water cooling had been used through cooling techniques by using DC fan, cooling blocks and water douche. It is clear that from our work we have improve efficiency of the module during the hot weather by 18% from using (air cooling and water cooling) techniques together. For another factors, such as dust, shadow, and exhaust smoke, showed factors no less an important factor should be besides temperature. The greater the quantity of these effects on the surface of the PV module, the more reduce in its efficiency. The influence of these factors appears to significantly reduce the output current due to its blocking of solar irradiance from PV module led to drop in the output voltage.