Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss2.478
Saja S Hanoon, Hasan F Khazal, Thamer M. Jamel
Channel equalization is crucial to the efficiency of wireless network systems. To improve communication reliability and decrease computing complexity, 5G networks have made great progress with the help of deep learning (DL). When applied to 5G and future networks, deep learning has been proven to increase system performance while decreasing computational complexity. ZF is often used to acquire a channel equalizer because of its inexpensive cost and lack of statistical expertise; nonetheless, ZF has a large equalizer error. Because of the limitations of the Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) method, deep learning models provide a more convenient solution for solving the channel equalizer issue. Since deep learning may give a better performance-complexity trade-off, it can be used to enhance MMSE and ZF channel equalizers. Its generalization and resilience also make it an attractive tool for use in this context. To address the shortcomings of the ZF and MMSE equalizers, this thesis focuses on developing a DL-based channel equalizer. An Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based single-input-single-output (SISO) system is used to measure the DL-based equalizer's efficacy. Simulation results show that the DL-based channel equalizer can achieve at least a 3 dB gain in SNR over the MMSE equalizer for a SER = 10-3 in low and high selective channel models, respectively, validating the performance of the benchmarked equalizer using different frequency selectivity levels. Furthermore, the DL-based equalizer results in a drastic decrease in computing complexity in contrast to the ZF and MMSE equalization techniques.
{"title":"A Deep Learning Approach to Evaluating SISO-OFDM Channel Equalization","authors":"Saja S Hanoon, Hasan F Khazal, Thamer M. Jamel","doi":"10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss2.478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss2.478","url":null,"abstract":"Channel equalization is crucial to the efficiency of wireless network systems. To improve communication reliability and decrease computing complexity, 5G networks have made great progress with the help of deep learning (DL). When applied to 5G and future networks, deep learning has been proven to increase system performance while decreasing computational complexity. ZF is often used to acquire a channel equalizer because of its inexpensive cost and lack of statistical expertise; nonetheless, ZF has a large equalizer error. Because of the limitations of the Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) method, deep learning models provide a more convenient solution for solving the channel equalizer issue. Since deep learning may give a better performance-complexity trade-off, it can be used to enhance MMSE and ZF channel equalizers. Its generalization and resilience also make it an attractive tool for use in this context. To address the shortcomings of the ZF and MMSE equalizers, this thesis focuses on developing a DL-based channel equalizer. An Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based single-input-single-output (SISO) system is used to measure the DL-based equalizer's efficacy. Simulation results show that the DL-based channel equalizer can achieve at least a 3 dB gain in SNR over the MMSE equalizer for a SER = 10-3 in low and high selective channel models, respectively, validating the performance of the benchmarked equalizer using different frequency selectivity levels. Furthermore, the DL-based equalizer results in a drastic decrease in computing complexity in contrast to the ZF and MMSE equalization techniques.","PeriodicalId":184256,"journal":{"name":"Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"70 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140777479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss2.495
Zuhair S. Faal, Abbas J. Jubear, Hussain R. Al-Bugharbee
The present numerical study aims to explore the effect of metal foam’s volume on the performance of a double-pipe heat exchanger in comparison with a smooth pipe (HXS). It used water as operating fluid at flow rate 2lpm, the outer stainless steel pipe has outer diameter (Do=60mm) and length (L=609.6mm), and inner copper pipe with outer diameter (do=20mm). The numerical simulation was conducted by ANSYS FLUENT 2020 R2 software and open-cell copper foam (CF) with porosity (0.9) was used. The cases considered in the analysis include a heat exchanger with a complete fill of copper foam (HXF), and a partial fill heat exchanger. The latter was made by inserting a complete rings of copper foam baffles (CFB) to decrease volume of a CF. Then, the baffles volumes was increased by increasing the thickness and their number. Three parameters were varied and their influence on performance evaluate criteria (PEC) were investigated. They are pore density (PPI), thickness of baffles (tc), and number of baffles (nob). Results showed that, heat transfer rate (Qave) and the pressure drop (∆p) increased with increase pore density, and well distribution of a CFB increase thermal performance while the pressure drop did not change with use same volume of CF.
{"title":"Effect of Metal Foam’s Volume on the Performance of a Double Pipe heat exchanger","authors":"Zuhair S. Faal, Abbas J. Jubear, Hussain R. Al-Bugharbee","doi":"10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss2.495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss2.495","url":null,"abstract":"The present numerical study aims to explore the effect of metal foam’s volume on the performance of a double-pipe heat exchanger in comparison with a smooth pipe (HXS). It used water as operating fluid at flow rate 2lpm, the outer stainless steel pipe has outer diameter (Do=60mm) and length (L=609.6mm), and inner copper pipe with outer diameter (do=20mm). The numerical simulation was conducted by ANSYS FLUENT 2020 R2 software and open-cell copper foam (CF) with porosity (0.9) was used. The cases considered in the analysis include a heat exchanger with a complete fill of copper foam (HXF), and a partial fill heat exchanger. The latter was made by inserting a complete rings of copper foam baffles (CFB) to decrease volume of a CF. Then, the baffles volumes was increased by increasing the thickness and their number. Three parameters were varied and their influence on performance evaluate criteria (PEC) were investigated. They are pore density (PPI), thickness of baffles (tc), and number of baffles (nob). Results showed that, heat transfer rate (Qave) and the pressure drop (∆p) increased with increase pore density, and well distribution of a CFB increase thermal performance while the pressure drop did not change with use same volume of CF.","PeriodicalId":184256,"journal":{"name":"Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"82 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140790369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss2.531
A. Al-Waaly
The effect of subcooling inlet has a big effect of the flow patterns for the flow boiling through a microchannel. Higher subcooling lower mass flux will delay the nucleate boiling and vice versa. The water flow boiling inside a microchannel has been analyzed numerically. The microchannel depth was 0.24 mm while the length was 40 mm. The supplied heat fluxes were 500 kW·m-2, 1000 kW·m-2and 1500 kW·m-2 with mass velocities of 400 kg·m-2·s-1 and 800 kg·m-2·s-1. The degrees of subcoooling of inlet water were 5oC, 10oC, 15oC, 20oC, and 25oC. The results showed that the degree subcooling has a considerable impact on both the wall temperature and flow patterns. The rise in the degree of subcooling kept the nucleate flow boiling and retarded the development of convective boiling. In addition, there was a reflection point at which the impact of heat flux on the average of the convective coefficient of heat transfer was altered. The increase in the heat flux may lead to an increase or reduction in the average HTC with respect to the location of the reflection point. The reflection points were 7oC and 5oC for the mass velocities 400 kg·m-2·s-1 and 800 kg·m-2·s-1. Thus, both the degree of subcooling and the heat flux should be simultaneously considered when it comes to the enhancement of HTC during the flow boiling inside the microchannels.
{"title":"Numerical Investigation of the Impact of Subcooling Inlet on Water Flow Boiling Heat Transfer Through a Microchannel","authors":"A. Al-Waaly","doi":"10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss2.531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss2.531","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of subcooling inlet has a big effect of the flow patterns for the flow boiling through a microchannel. Higher subcooling lower mass flux will delay the nucleate boiling and vice versa. The water flow boiling inside a microchannel has been analyzed numerically. The microchannel depth was 0.24 mm while the length was 40 mm. The supplied heat fluxes were 500 kW·m-2, 1000 kW·m-2and 1500 kW·m-2 with mass velocities of 400 kg·m-2·s-1 and 800 kg·m-2·s-1. The degrees of subcoooling of inlet water were 5oC, 10oC, 15oC, 20oC, and 25oC. The results showed that the degree subcooling has a considerable impact on both the wall temperature and flow patterns. The rise in the degree of subcooling kept the nucleate flow boiling and retarded the development of convective boiling. In addition, there was a reflection point at which the impact of heat flux on the average of the convective coefficient of heat transfer was altered. The increase in the heat flux may lead to an increase or reduction in the average HTC with respect to the location of the reflection point. The reflection points were 7oC and 5oC for the mass velocities 400 kg·m-2·s-1 and 800 kg·m-2·s-1. Thus, both the degree of subcooling and the heat flux should be simultaneously considered when it comes to the enhancement of HTC during the flow boiling inside the microchannels.","PeriodicalId":184256,"journal":{"name":"Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"21 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140786719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss2.515
Sajida Lafta Ghashim
In this work, a numerical study of a thermal performance of water flow inside a dimpled pipe. The effect of three types of dimples (circular, square and rhombus) studied in the numerical simulation. A commercial program called ANSYS was used to model the flow through a circular pipe .The three-dimensional governing differential equations of mass, momentum, and energy were used together with the (K − ε ) model to evaluate the impact of dimples on a turbulent flow and the velocity field. The study was carried out in the Reynolds number (Re) range (2500–15000). The research results demonstrate that the presence of a dimple on the pipe surface greatly increases the rate of heat transmission and the friction factor compared to a normal smooth pipe. Also, the numerical study demonstrated that the Nusselt number (Nu) in case of circular dimples at diameter (4 , 6 and 8) mm was (22, 28 and 43) % greater than the smooth surface. It is discovered that the improved pipe with circular dimples have a benefit for increased heat transmission efficiency compared with the square and rhombus dimples. Additionally , circular dimples have the ability to supply the lowest friction factor (f) when compared to other types of dimple. The pipe with circular dimples with D= 4mm , at Reynolds number 2500 provided the largest thermal performance criterion (PEC) value about 1.44.
{"title":"Flow field and heat transfer characteristics in dimple pipe with different shape of dimples","authors":"Sajida Lafta Ghashim","doi":"10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss2.515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss2.515","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a numerical study of a thermal performance of water flow inside a dimpled pipe. The effect of three types of dimples (circular, square and rhombus) studied in the numerical simulation. A commercial program called ANSYS was used to model the flow through a circular pipe .The three-dimensional governing differential equations of mass, momentum, and energy were used together with the (K − ε ) model to evaluate the impact of dimples on a turbulent flow and the velocity field. The study was carried out in the Reynolds number (Re) range (2500–15000). The research results demonstrate that the presence of a dimple on the pipe surface greatly increases the rate of heat transmission and the friction factor compared to a normal smooth pipe. Also, the numerical study demonstrated that the Nusselt number (Nu) in case of circular dimples at diameter (4 , 6 and 8) mm was (22, 28 and 43) % greater than the smooth surface. It is discovered that the improved pipe with circular dimples have a benefit for increased heat transmission efficiency compared with the square and rhombus dimples. Additionally , circular dimples have the ability to supply the lowest friction factor (f) when compared to other types of dimple. The pipe with circular dimples with D= 4mm , at Reynolds number 2500 provided the largest thermal performance criterion (PEC) value about 1.44.","PeriodicalId":184256,"journal":{"name":"Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"48 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140796040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss2.511
Sadiq Mussadaq, M. Baqer, H. Gzar, M. N. Rahi, Qasim M Jani
In this study, we investigated Terasil blue dye absorption on modified rice husk through batch and continuous trials. In continuous mode includes experimental tests in an inverse fluidized bed teqnique at various times and under various operating conditions (bed height, initial concentration, and varying flow rate) were investigated. The effect of various factors like pH, contact time, agitation speed and particle size on the removal efficiency (%) the Terasil blue dye were thoroughly investigated. The maximum removal efficiency (%) was achieved up to pH 7.0. Removal efficiency (%) increased with increasing contact time. The maximum removal efficiency (%) was achieved @200 RPM (rate per minute). Increasing in the particle size caused decreased in the removal efficiency (%). In batch experiments the Freundlich, and Temkin models showed good agreement with R2 value while the Langmuir model had moderate agreement. The value of qe is 1.73 mg/g under specific conditions; the Langmuir model provides q-max of 0.0078 mg/g and K-L of 0.0801 L/mg.Ongoing tests conducted in an inverse fluidized bed offer valuable insights into the hydrodynamic behavior of the system. The collected data effectively demonstrates the variations in pressure drops and bed heights. There is a positive correlation between bed height and fluid velocity, suggesting a significant association within the dynamics of fluidized beds.
{"title":"Efficient Dye Removal and Water Treatment Feasibility Assessment for Iraq's Industrial Sector: A Case Study on Terasil Blue Dye Treatment Using Inverse Fluidized Bed and Adsorption","authors":"Sadiq Mussadaq, M. Baqer, H. Gzar, M. N. Rahi, Qasim M Jani","doi":"10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss2.511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss2.511","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we investigated Terasil blue dye absorption on modified rice husk through batch and continuous trials. In continuous mode includes experimental tests in an inverse fluidized bed teqnique at various times and under various operating conditions (bed height, initial concentration, and varying flow rate) were investigated. The effect of various factors like pH, contact time, agitation speed and particle size on the removal efficiency (%) the Terasil blue dye were thoroughly investigated. The maximum removal efficiency (%) was achieved up to pH 7.0. Removal efficiency (%) increased with increasing contact time. The maximum removal efficiency (%) was achieved @200 RPM (rate per minute). Increasing in the particle size caused decreased in the removal efficiency (%). In batch experiments the Freundlich, and Temkin models showed good agreement with R2 value while the Langmuir model had moderate agreement. The value of qe is 1.73 mg/g under specific conditions; the Langmuir model provides q-max of 0.0078 mg/g and K-L of 0.0801 L/mg.Ongoing tests conducted in an inverse fluidized bed offer valuable insights into the hydrodynamic behavior of the system.\u0000 \u0000The collected data effectively demonstrates the variations in pressure drops and bed heights. There is a positive correlation between bed height and fluid velocity, suggesting a significant association within the dynamics of fluidized beds.","PeriodicalId":184256,"journal":{"name":"Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"343 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140773401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-11DOI: 10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss1.516
R. Al-Shammari, Abbas Na’im Mohsin
This research addresses the importance of visual sustainability as an essential element in city centre renewal projects, and its role in enhancing the visual quality of urban centres, as most traditional cities suffer from increasing challenges in facing urban renewal processes due to various interventions, which may lead to the loss of the city’s cultural and visual identity. The research aims to understand how to achieve visual sustainability in the centre of the heritage city of Al Kut as a case study and the impact of this on the quality of life and community interaction.The study area was analyzed using the SWAT analysis method, in addition to a literature review on the topic, observation, interviews with key stakeholders involved, and analysis of existing data and documents. The research concluded that focusing on visual quality indicators can enhance identity, heritage, aesthetics, and quality of life in cities, as the results showed a positive relationship between visual quality indicators and the clarity of the urban environment. Therefore, enhancing visual sustainability in the traditional Kut city center requires focusing on three main indicators that can be achieved by using sustainable local materials, preserving cultural and heritage landmarks, and integrating the urban design process with community participation in planning, design, implementation, and implementation. Evaluations.
{"title":"Visual Sustainability in Urban Renewal Projects Traditional kut City Center as a Case Study","authors":"R. Al-Shammari, Abbas Na’im Mohsin","doi":"10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss1.516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss1.516","url":null,"abstract":"This research addresses the importance of visual sustainability as an essential element in city centre renewal projects, and its role in enhancing the visual quality of urban centres, as most traditional cities suffer from increasing challenges in facing urban renewal processes due to various interventions, which may lead to the loss of the city’s cultural and visual identity. The research aims to understand how to achieve visual sustainability in the centre of the heritage city of Al Kut as a case study and the impact of this on the quality of life and community interaction.The study area was analyzed using the SWAT analysis method, in addition to a literature review on the topic, observation, interviews with key stakeholders involved, and analysis of existing data and documents. The research concluded that focusing on visual quality indicators can enhance identity, heritage, aesthetics, and quality of life in cities, as the results showed a positive relationship between visual quality indicators and the clarity of the urban environment. Therefore, enhancing visual sustainability in the traditional Kut city center requires focusing on three main indicators that can be achieved by using sustainable local materials, preserving cultural and heritage landmarks, and integrating the urban design process with community participation in planning, design, implementation, and implementation. Evaluations.","PeriodicalId":184256,"journal":{"name":"Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":" 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139626275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss1.533
Dildar Masood Abdulqader, Subhi R. M. Zeebaree, Rizgar R. Zebari, Mohammed A. M.Sadeeq, Umed H. Jader, Mohammed Mahmood Delzy
Based on client/server architecture concepts, this research suggests a method for creating a multicomputer-multicore distributed memory system that can be implemented on distributed-shared memory systems. Both of number of the participated computers and number of existed processors for each of these computers, this research was depended with the specific design and its implementation. The suggested system has two primary phases: monitoring and managing the programmes that may be executed on multiple distributed-multi-core architectures with (2, 4, and 8) CPUs to perform a certain job. There might be a single client and unlimited servers in the network. The implementation phase relies on three separate scenarios covering most of the design space. The suggested system can determine the start time, duration, CPU use, kernel time, user time, waiting time, and end time for each server in the system. Single-Process Single-Thread (SPST) is considered a possible situation while developing User Programmes (UPs). The findings confirmed that more processing power (more servers and more processors on each server) increases the speed at which tasks can be solved. There was a 2.877-fold gain in task processing speed after considering three different possible SPST UPs situations. The C# programming language is used to create this system.
{"title":"Parallel Processing Distributed-Memory Approach Influences on Performance of Multicomputer-Multicore Systems Using Single-Process Single-Thread","authors":"Dildar Masood Abdulqader, Subhi R. M. Zeebaree, Rizgar R. Zebari, Mohammed A. M.Sadeeq, Umed H. Jader, Mohammed Mahmood Delzy","doi":"10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss1.533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss1.533","url":null,"abstract":"Based on client/server architecture concepts, this research suggests a method for creating a multicomputer-multicore distributed memory system that can be implemented on distributed-shared memory systems. Both of number of the participated computers and number of existed processors for each of these computers, this research was depended with the specific design and its implementation. The suggested system has two primary phases: monitoring and managing the programmes that may be executed on multiple distributed-multi-core architectures with (2, 4, and 8) CPUs to perform a certain job. There might be a single client and unlimited servers in the network. The implementation phase relies on three separate scenarios covering most of the design space. The suggested system can determine the start time, duration, CPU use, kernel time, user time, waiting time, and end time for each server in the system. Single-Process Single-Thread (SPST) is considered a possible situation while developing User Programmes (UPs). The findings confirmed that more processing power (more servers and more processors on each server) increases the speed at which tasks can be solved. There was a 2.877-fold gain in task processing speed after considering three different possible SPST UPs situations. The C# programming language is used to create this system.","PeriodicalId":184256,"journal":{"name":"Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss1.524
Adil Mahdi Jabbar, Lubna Salim Danha, Qais Abdulmajeed Hasan
Abstract This paper numerically investigates the effect of sectional shape on the structural behavior of short concrete columns when subjected to axial loading. Seven concrete columns that possess the same cross-sectional area, longitudinal reinforcement ratio, tie-bar diameter, and spacing are analysed via Abaqus software. The concrete compressive strength is equal for all columns. The loading is applied at the plastic centroid of the cross-section. The results show that the plus-shaped cross-sectional column sustains the highest load, while the T-shaped section bears the lowest loading. The plus-shaped, square, rectangular, and circular columns endure a higher loading than the T-shaped ones by 12.3 %, 10.7 %, 10.7 %, and 8.7 %, respectively. Concerning the longitudinal displacement, the T-shaped column exhibits the highest shortening, while the octagonal section shows the minimum shortening. Failure of all columns occurs due to the yielding of the longitudinal bars, followed by a fracturing of the concrete. All columns roughly show the same cracking load, while the T-shaped section exhibits a higher displacement than others at the cracking state, followed by an L-shaped column. However, all other columns show the same longitudinal displacement at the cracking load.
摘要 本文通过数值方法研究了短混凝土柱在承受轴向荷载时截面形状对其结构行为的影响。通过 Abaqus 软件对截面面积、纵向配筋率、拉杆直径和间距相同的七根混凝土柱进行了分析。所有柱子的混凝土抗压强度相同。荷载施加在横截面的塑性中心点。结果表明，正方形截面柱承受的荷载最大，而 T 形截面承受的荷载最小。正方形、方形、矩形和圆形柱承受的荷载分别比 T 形柱高 12.3%、10.7%、10.7% 和 8.7%。在纵向位移方面，T 型柱的缩短量最大，而八角形截面的缩短量最小。所有柱子的破坏都是由于纵向钢筋屈服，然后混凝土断裂。所有柱子的开裂荷载大致相同，而 T 型截面在开裂状态下的位移比其他柱子大，其次是 L 型柱子。然而，所有其他柱子在开裂荷载下都表现出相同的纵向位移。
{"title":"Numerical Analysis of Sectional Shape Effect on Behavior of Short Concrete Columns","authors":"Adil Mahdi Jabbar, Lubna Salim Danha, Qais Abdulmajeed Hasan","doi":"10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss1.524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss1.524","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Abstract\u0000This paper numerically investigates the effect of sectional shape on the structural behavior of short concrete columns when subjected to axial loading. Seven concrete columns that possess the same cross-sectional area, longitudinal reinforcement ratio, tie-bar diameter, and spacing are analysed via Abaqus software. The concrete compressive strength is equal for all columns. The loading is applied at the plastic centroid of the cross-section. The results show that the plus-shaped cross-sectional column sustains the highest load, while the T-shaped section bears the lowest loading. The plus-shaped, square, rectangular, and circular columns endure a higher loading than the T-shaped ones by 12.3 %, 10.7 %, 10.7 %, and 8.7 %, respectively. Concerning the longitudinal displacement, the T-shaped column exhibits the highest shortening, while the octagonal section shows the minimum shortening. Failure of all columns occurs due to the yielding of the longitudinal bars, followed by a fracturing of the concrete. All columns roughly show the same cracking load, while the T-shaped section exhibits a higher displacement than others at the cracking state, followed by an L-shaped column. However, all other columns show the same longitudinal displacement at the cracking load.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":184256,"journal":{"name":"Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss1.517
Haider Majid Hasan
Over the past decades, there has been a growing interest in environmental issues realizing that humanity depends on the environment and that this environment has been constantly exposed to processes that could threaten the future of humanity. Cities emerged as the most important cause of pollution because they are the place where most industrial goods are produced and consumed. It was also found that a large percentage of the problems of environmental pollution was the result of the failure of the planning authorities in the implementation of the master plan originally laid out to control and control the city. We do not see a reaction from the residents of the region, despite the obvious problems in the study area, which include social and economic problems as well as environmental problems. On the contrary, many people want industrial activities to improve Value of their properties. The best way to solve urban areas' problems is at the planning stage
{"title":"The Impact of Bad Urban Design on the City Environment","authors":"Haider Majid Hasan","doi":"10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss1.517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss1.517","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decades, there has been a growing interest in environmental issues realizing that humanity depends on the environment and that this environment has been constantly exposed to processes that could threaten the future of humanity. Cities emerged as the most important cause of pollution because they are the place where most industrial goods are produced and consumed. It was also found that a large percentage of the problems of environmental pollution was the result of the failure of the planning authorities in the implementation of the master plan originally laid out to control and control the city. We do not see a reaction from the residents of the region, despite the obvious problems in the study area, which include social and economic problems as well as environmental problems. On the contrary, many people want industrial activities to improve Value of their properties.\u0000 The best way to solve urban areas' problems is at the planning stage","PeriodicalId":184256,"journal":{"name":"Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"11 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139536213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss1.518
Qasim M Jani, Hatem A Gzar, Mahdi Nuhair Rahi, S. Baqer
Industry discharges, home effluents, and/or urban runoff can all introduce polyaromatic hydrocarbon compounds (PAHs) into a treatment center. Regrettably, due to their chemical stability and resistance to biological degradation, PAHs are regarded as organic pollutants that persist. As a consequence, PAHs have indeed been identified as a possible source of skin, lung, and bladder cancer in humans. Due to PAHs' potential to cause cancer and/or mutation, their residues in treated wastewater are now subject to stricter legal regulation. adsorption ,membrane filtration, coagulation, electrocoagulation, flocculation, advanced oxidation reactions, phytoremediation and bioremediation process are some of the techniques used to remove PAHs from wastewater. In order to reduce environmental contamination, it is important to study different treatment technologies to treat wastewater. The aim of this paper is to highlighting and discussing some of treatment technologies for removing PAHs.
{"title":"Treatment Technologies for Removal of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon Compounds from Wastewater: A Review","authors":"Qasim M Jani, Hatem A Gzar, Mahdi Nuhair Rahi, S. Baqer","doi":"10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss1.518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss1.518","url":null,"abstract":"Industry discharges, home effluents, and/or urban runoff can all introduce polyaromatic hydrocarbon compounds (PAHs) into a treatment center. Regrettably, due to their chemical stability and resistance to biological degradation, PAHs are regarded as organic pollutants that persist. As a consequence, PAHs have indeed been identified as a possible source of skin, lung, and bladder cancer in humans. Due to PAHs' potential to cause cancer and/or mutation, their residues in treated wastewater are now subject to stricter legal regulation. adsorption ,membrane filtration, coagulation, electrocoagulation, flocculation, advanced oxidation reactions, phytoremediation and bioremediation process are some of the techniques used to remove PAHs from wastewater. In order to reduce environmental contamination, it is important to study different treatment technologies to treat wastewater. The aim of this paper is to highlighting and discussing some of treatment technologies for removing PAHs.","PeriodicalId":184256,"journal":{"name":"Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"23 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139536018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：