Conclusions

Agnes Cornell, J. Møller, Svend-Erik Skaaning
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Abstract

Several observers have recently invoked interwar political developments to make the case that even established democracies are fragile. The main takeaway point from our analyses is pretty much the opposite, namely, that democracies have proven remarkably resilient if they have had time to become rooted and/or have strong associational landscapes. Crises—even as devastating as the Great Depression and the appeal of totalitarian movements—had little bite under such circumstances. It was only in new democracies with weak parties and civil societies that the economic, political, and social dislocations of the 1920s and 1930s spelled the end of democracy. On this basis, recent warnings about the fragility of contemporary democracies in Western Europe and North America seem exaggerated. At least, they cannot be sustained by interwar evidence.
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结论
一些观察人士最近援引两次世界大战之间的政治发展来证明,即使是老牌民主国家也很脆弱。从我们的分析中得出的主要结论恰恰相反,即民主国家如果有时间扎根和/或拥有强大的联合景观,就会被证明具有显著的弹性。在这种情况下,危机——即使像大萧条和极权主义运动那样具有毁灭性——也没有多大影响。只有在政党和公民社会薄弱的新民主国家,20世纪二三十年代的经济、政治和社会混乱才宣告了民主的终结。在此基础上,最近有关西欧和北美当代民主脆弱的警告似乎有些言过其实。至少,它们不能被两次世界大战之间的证据所支持。
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An Age of Crisis Conclusions
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