The Incidence of Psychosocial Risks in Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Workers in the Bus Manufacturing Industry: Preliminary Study

Abstract

The activities related to buses assembly involve a high margin of ergonomic and psychosocial risks in the work environment that can cause pain symptoms and even generate muscle skeletal disorders (MSD) in workers. The preliminary study developed for this industrial activity aims to describe these variables and how they are associated in the generation of this issue. The investigation was carried out through the use of the Psychosocial Factors questionnaire (F-PSICO) which determined nine dimensions in the psychosocial risk factor, the musculoskeletal pain symptomatology was established with the Nordic questionnaire, while the degree of relationship between variables was made with chi-square and Odd Ratio (OR) statistical tests with a confidence level of 95%. The results show that the nine analyzed psychosocial dimensions have a very high risk among the seventeen workers involved in the study with incidence rates greater than 50%. The symptomatology of pain found in the population corresponds to discomfort in the neck, shoulders and back in lapses up to thirty days with a perception that ranges from mild to severe. Regarding to the degree of relationship of variables, there is significance $(\mathbf{p} < \mathbf{0.05})$ with the $\chi^{2}$ statistic in all dimensions, while O.R is significant in work autonomy and participation in work. The musculoskeletal symptomatology is manifested in a large percentage by ergonomic risks of work, however, psychosocial factors can accentuate this condition.