Heavy Metal Contamination of Road Dust at the Downtown Area in the Metropolitan City of Ulsan, Korea

T. Duong, Byeong-Kyu Lee, T. Dong, Ui-ryang Jeong, Ae-ri Kim, Haengah Kim Lee
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引用次数: 9

Abstract

Road dust often contains elevated concentrations of heavy metals and can influence on human health. Therefore, a study on the characteristics of heavy metals in road dust was carried out in the Metropolitan City of Ulsan of Korea. Road dust was obtained from a downtown area, Seongnamdong, Chung-gu, Ulsan. The road dust was collected inside the filter attached in the vacuum cleaner in March, 2006. The road dust was separated into four size-fractions by using the sieves as follows: 2000 mum, 850 mum, 180 mum and 75 mum. The heavy metals in road dust sample were extracted by aqua regia extraction method (HNO3:HCl = 1:3). The concentrations of heavy metal were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean values in the road dust with 850 2000 mum, 180 - 850 mum, 75 - 180 mum, and < 75 mum size for Cd were 0.30, 0.46, 1.04, and 2.27 mug g-1 , respectively; for Cu were 264.65, 139.10, 235.50, and 345.10 mug g-1, respectively; for Pb were 51.80, 57.00, 118.40, and 223.26 mug g-1, respectively; for Zn were 258.00, 430.05, 751.55, and 1270.85 mug g-1, respectively; for Ni were 13.20, 24.76, 36.86, and 52.15 mug g-1, respectively. The results indicate that the road dust in the study area has elevated concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Ni and the concentrations of heavy metals increased with the decrease of particle size. Road dust sample was also analyzed for the mobility of metals by sequential extraction methods including a modified BCR procedure and Tessier procedure. The results show that Cd was mainly in the exchangeable and carbonate phases, Ni was mainly in the exchangeable phase, Pb and Zn were associated with the carbonate fraction. However, Cu may not be associated with the exchangeable and carbonate fractions. In general, the mobility of heavy metals in the road dust might be Cd>Ni>Zn=Pb>Cu.
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蔚山市中心地区道路粉尘重金属污染情况
道路灰尘通常含有高浓度的重金属,会影响人体健康。因此,对韩国蔚山市道路粉尘中重金属的特征进行了研究。道路粉尘是从蔚山中区城南洞市中心采集的。2006年3月,在真空吸尘器上安装的过滤器内收集道路灰尘。采用筛分法将道路粉尘分为2000分、850分、180分和75分四种粒径。采用王水萃取法(HNO3:HCl = 1:3)提取道路粉尘样品中的重金属。用原子吸收光谱法分析了样品中重金属的浓度。850 - 2000、180 - 850、75 - 180和< 75的道路粉尘中Cd的平均值分别为0.30、0.46、1.04和2.27马克g-1;Cu含量分别为264.65、139.10、235.50和345.10 μ g-1;Pb含量分别为51.80、57.00、118.40和223.26 μ g-1;Zn含量分别为258.00、430.05、751.55和1270.85 mg -1;Ni的含量分别为13.20、24.76、36.86和52.15 μ g-1。结果表明:研究区道路粉尘中Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn、Ni等重金属浓度升高,重金属浓度随粒径的减小而升高;采用改进的BCR法和Tessier法对道路粉尘样品的金属迁移率进行了分析。结果表明:Cd以交换相和碳酸盐相为主,Ni以交换相为主,Pb和Zn以碳酸盐相为主;然而,Cu可能与交换组分和碳酸盐组分无关。总体而言,道路粉尘中重金属的迁移率为Cd>Ni>Zn=Pb>Cu。
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