Space-Time Variation of Property Crime in Beijing with ESDA Method

Sheng Li, Wenzhong Tang
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Abstract

property crime like residential burglary is a frequently occurred offence in Beijing. For crime reduction, it is important to know if there are hotspots exist and if it does, how many of them are maintained. In this study, spatial and temporal pattern of residential burglary by Policing command unit of Chaoyang district of Beijing is investigated. The method of ESDA (Exploration of Spatial Data Analysis) is proposed for identifying crime hotspots and test their significance. The results demonstrate that identified significant crime hotspots varied by time of day and day of week. Specifically, the burglary was observed to be clustered in center and south of Chaoyang district but none in northern. While by day of week, the patterns of burglary distribution changed and outliers appeared on Tuesday, Wednesday, Saturday and Sunday. By time of day, the burglary outlier appeared in the period between 18:00 PM and 22:00 PM.
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基于ESDA方法的北京市财产犯罪时空变异研究
入室盗窃等财产犯罪在北京是一种多发犯罪。为了减少犯罪,重要的是要知道是否存在热点,如果存在,有多少热点得到维护。本研究以北京市朝阳区公安指挥单位住宅入室盗窃的时空格局为研究对象。提出了利用空间数据分析方法(ESDA)识别犯罪热点并检验其显著性的方法。结果表明,确定的重大犯罪热点在一天中的不同时间和一周中的不同时间有所不同。具体而言,在朝阳区中部和南部观察到盗窃集中,而在北部则没有。而在工作日,入室盗窃的分布模式发生了变化,异常值出现在周二、周三、周六和周日。从时间上看,盗窃异常值出现在晚上18:00至22:00之间。
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