Discursos de seguridad en Argentina y Brasil: un análisis desde la teoría de la securitización

Abstract

Conservative governments in Argentina and Brazil have relied on security discourses in order to face threats or dangers described as serious and existential. This study aims to describe the discourses and practices deployed in the name of security and to analyze them through the theory of securitization, seeking to identify elements of such developments in both countries. To do this, focus on identifying in the presidential statements: the securitizing actor, the referent subject, the enabling audiences and extraordinary instruments involved. These elements are a guide to interpreting whether we are facing an effective securitization process in both cases under study. This is a descriptive-interpretative study that relies on the theory of securitization. I use some of its components to analyze the cases of Mauricio Macri and Jair Bolsonaro, in order to assess the applicability of this approach.