CONSERVATIVE TILLAGE SOIL SYSTEMS IN CONTEXT OF THE CLIMATE CHANGES

Abstract

The research was carried out over 8 years and involves the performance of minimal works, by reducing the traffic with various agricultural machines and equipment, "Maschio" brand, namely: disc harrow, scarifier, roller and No Tillige seeder. I have carried out numerous researches and experiences in various agricultural holdings in Arad county, to the crop of wheat, corn and soybeans. The first tests were done on 129 ha, on soils with different textures, from fine to rough, but following the research, it was observed that good and very good results were obtained only on medium textured soils. In case of soils with rough and fine textures, the results were below expectations, the degree of emergence and development of the plants was low, which led to obtaining low yields. At present, the researches have extended over 376 ha, by practicing four conservative tillage systems: by direct sowing; with Paraplow and rotary harrow; with Cisel and rotary harrow and with complex Aggregate with rotary harrow. Within each system, we have presented a technical data sheet, which includes information related to the soil type, the worked area, the conditions of the land, the crops for which each system is recommended, the soil works, technological specifications, necessary recommendations, the advantages of using each system separately and a series of observations and recommendations that we make following the performance of these works in order to achieve the most beneficial and sustainable use of agricultural land and, of course, to conserve natural resources as much as possible in the context of the climate changes that Romania has been facing recently and which will most likely persist and intensify in the future.