Perceptions of food insecurity and access to programs among elderly females living in Colombo, Brazil: Qualitative investigation

Vanessa Daufenback, S. Rigon, Rúbia Formiguieri, Cecília Rocha, C. M. Bógus
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Abstract

Vulnerable women, especially those who are responsible for their households, often face difficulties in reaching food security in developing countries when compared to men, especially in Africa, Latin America and Caribbean countries. Data from Brazil between 2017 and 2018 reveals the lack of equity between men and women concerning food insecurity, with a higher percentage among women-headed households in contrast to male-headed households. To mitigate this situation, Brazil has developed many food security programs focused on vulnerable groups. In this paper, we report the results of research conducted with women who reside in a low-income, urban community in Colombo, southern Brazil. The study aimed at highlighting the women’s perceptions of the main factors leading to food insecurity, as well as the main barriers and facilitators in accessing food security programs in their community. Methodology involved a mixed-method triangulation approach. 30 women were interviewed through an instrument protocol with opened and closed-ended questions about their health profile, food practices, food insecurity perceptions and participation on food security programs. Results revealed that low income, associated with domestic violence, work overload, less years of study were perceived as barriers to achieve appropriate income and food security. Facilitators to this group’s participation in food security programs were associated with family support, living with relatives, culinary skills and being enrolled with health and social care. As barriers, the study found that living alone, being an older woman with disabilities or younger and low-educated WHH without family financial support, with insufficient comprehension about food security programs dynamics, not pursuing adequate home space to store recyclables were factors that prevented this group´s. It can be concluded that these programs increased the quality and variety of food practices and worked as a mitigating factor for inequalities in food and health.
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生活在巴西科伦坡的老年妇女对粮食不安全的看法和获得项目的机会:定性调查
在发展中国家,特别是在非洲、拉丁美洲和加勒比国家,与男性相比,弱势妇女,特别是负责家庭的妇女,在实现粮食安全方面往往面临困难。巴西2017年至2018年的数据显示,在粮食不安全方面,男女之间缺乏平等,女性户主家庭的比例高于男性户主家庭。为了缓解这种情况,巴西制定了许多针对弱势群体的粮食安全计划。在本文中,我们报告了对居住在巴西南部科伦坡一个低收入城市社区的妇女进行的研究结果。这项研究旨在强调妇女对导致粮食不安全的主要因素的看法,以及在她们的社区获得粮食安全计划的主要障碍和促进因素。方法涉及混合方法三角测量方法。通过一份文书议定书对30名妇女进行了访谈,其中包括关于她们的健康状况、食品做法、对粮食不安全的看法以及对粮食安全方案的参与情况的开放式和封闭式问题。结果显示,低收入、与家庭暴力、超负荷工作和较短的学习年限被认为是实现适当收入和粮食安全的障碍。促进这一群体参与食品安全项目的人与家庭支持、与亲戚同住、烹饪技能以及参加健康和社会护理有关。作为障碍,研究发现,独居,作为残疾的老年妇女或年轻且受教育程度低的WHH,没有家庭经济支持,对食品安全计划的动态了解不足,没有追求足够的家庭空间来储存可回收物品是阻碍该群体的因素。可以得出结论,这些计划提高了食品实践的质量和多样性,并作为减轻食品和健康不平等的因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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