Susceptibility Distribution Analysis of Tsunami Using Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation (SMCE) Method in Parangtritis, Indonesia

Abstract

The coastal area of Parangtritis is one of the areas in Indonesia which is potentially exposed to tsunami hazards. Tsunami is a secondary hazard generated from various events before their occurrences, such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, landslides, and extra-terrestrial objects, that disrupting the seawater column. This research aims to estimate tsunami susceptibility using Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation (SMCE) method in Parangtritis, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Physical factors such as elevation, slope, distance from the riverbank, distance from the shoreline, landform, and land cover were collected from several sources and were combined to determine the distribution of tsunami susceptible areas. The result shows susceptibility index classes vary from the lowest to the highest level. The area with the lowest susceptibility level is located in Baturagung Hill. Meanwhile, the area near the shoreline and the riverbank has a relatively high level of susceptibility. The sand dunes landform which has been relied on to decrease the susceptibility level is covered by various levels of susceptibility from the very low to high. This susceptibility distribution analysis can be used for disaster mitigation and planning purposes.