Finite Element Analyses of the Penetration Depth of Ogive-nosed Projectiles into Conventional and Very-High Strength Concrete Targets

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to present the development and assessment of finite element (FE) models used for analyzing projectile penetration depth in targets made from conventional (23 MPa) to very-high strength concretes (157 MPa). Results from the FE models were compared with experimental values. The effects of varying concrete compressive strength, projectile diameter, nose shape, and striking velocity on the penetration depth of the targets were captured. Two concrete constitutive material models, the Holmquist-Johnson-Cook and the Advanced Fundamental Concrete models, were implemented in the FE analyses for determining their suitability in predicting penetration mechanics with reasonable accuracy. In most cases, the finite element results were able to predict penetration depth experimental values within a total root mean square of 10% or less considering a wide-range of projectile striking velocities. Both concrete constitutive models were shown to be suitable for penetration mechanics problems. However, based on the findings of this paper, caution should be exercised in applying the material models for targets made from harder aggregates such as quartz. 