Oxygen therapy

Abstract

Oxygen therapy is the administration of supplementary oxygen to achieve a higher inspiration of oxygen than is achieved when breathing air. Oxygen therapy aims to correct hypoxaemia. This chapter covers the clinical indicators of hypoxaemia, the use of acute oxygen therapy, the choice of high-flow or low-flow devices, and examples of different types of each. Humidification of acute oxygen therapy is also covered, and the points to consider such as the risk of encouraging bacterial growth. The evidence base for long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) is outlined, as well as assessment by the respiratory team for prescribing the treatment. Intermittent oxygen therapy, ambulatory oxygen, and oxygen containers are all covered. Home oxygen and follow-up care are both covered.