Effects of Government Policies on Urban and Rural Income Inequality

Ximing Wu, J. Perloff, Amos Golan
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引用次数: 25

Abstract

We use three conventional inequality indices-the Gini, the coefficient of variation of income, and the relative mean deviation of income-and the Atkinson index to examine the effect of income tax rates, the minimum wage, and all the major government welfare and transfer programs on the evolution of income inequality for rural and urban areas by state from 1981 to 1997. We find that these programs have qualitatively similar but quantitatively different effects on urban and rural areas. Most importantly, taxes are more effective in redistributing income in urban than in rural areas, while welfare and other government transfer programs play a larger role in rural areas. Copyright © 2006 The Authors; Journal compilation © International Association for Research in Income and Wealth 2006.
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政府政策对城乡收入不平等的影响
我们使用三个传统的不平等指数——基尼系数、收入变动系数和收入相对平均偏差——以及阿特金森指数来检验1981年至1997年各州所得税税率、最低工资以及所有主要的政府福利和转移支付计划对城乡收入不平等演变的影响。我们发现,这些项目对城市和农村地区的影响在质量上相似,但在数量上不同。最重要的是,税收在城市收入再分配方面比在农村地区更有效,而福利和其他政府转移支付项目在农村地区发挥的作用更大。版权所有©2006;期刊汇编©国际收入与财富研究协会2006。
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