Tool-assisted unit test selection based on operational violations

Tao Xie, D. Notkin
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引用次数: 66

Abstract

Unit testing, a common step in software development, presents a challenge. When produced manually, unit test suites are often insufficient to identify defects. The main alternative is to use one of a variety of automatic unit test generation tools: these are able to produce and execute a large number of test inputs that extensively exercise the unit under test. However, without a priori specifications, developers need to manually verify the outputs of these test executions, which is generally impractical. To reduce this cost, unit test selection techniques may be used to help select a subset of automatically generated test inputs. Then developers can verify their outputs, equip them with test oracles, and put them into the existing test suite. In this paper, we present the operational violation approach for unit test selection, a black-box approach without requiring a priori specifications. The approach dynamically generates operational abstractions from executions of the existing unit test suite. Any automatically generated tests violating the operational abstractions are identified as candidates for selection. In addition, these operational abstractions can guide test generation tools to produce better tests. To experiment dynamic approach, we integrated the use of Daikon (a dynamic invariant detection tool) and Jtest (a commercial Java unit testing tool). An experiment is conducted to assess this approach.
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基于操作违例的工具辅助单元测试选择
单元测试是软件开发中的一个常见步骤,它提出了一个挑战。当手工制作时,单元测试套件通常不足以识别缺陷。主要的替代方法是使用各种自动单元测试生成工具中的一种:这些工具能够生成并执行大量的测试输入,这些测试输入广泛地执行被测单元。然而,如果没有先验规范,开发人员需要手动验证这些测试执行的输出,这通常是不切实际的。为了减少这种成本,可以使用单元测试选择技术来帮助选择自动生成的测试输入的子集。然后,开发人员可以验证他们的输出,为它们配备测试oracle,并将它们放入现有的测试套件中。在本文中,我们提出了单元测试选择的操作冲突方法,一种不需要先验规范的黑盒方法。该方法从现有单元测试套件的执行中动态地生成操作抽象。任何违反操作抽象的自动生成的测试都被标识为选择的候选。此外,这些操作抽象可以指导测试生成工具生成更好的测试。为了实验动态方法,我们集成了Daikon(一个动态不变量检测工具)和Jtest(一个商业Java单元测试工具)的使用。进行了一项实验来评估这种方法。
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