L. Afa, A. Ansi, Z. Zulfikar, Muhidin Muhidin, Alan Al Qadri
{"title":"Growth and Yield of Local Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Wakawondu Cultivar in Various Plant Populations and Balanced Fertilization","authors":"L. Afa, A. Ansi, Z. Zulfikar, Muhidin Muhidin, Alan Al Qadri","doi":"10.37149/bpsosek.v24i2.288","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to analyze the effect of plant population and fertilization based on efficiency and nutrient adequacy balanced between organic and inorganic on the growth and yield of local upland rice Wakawondu cultivar. The treatment design was split-plot in a randomized block design with three replications. The main plot was the number of seeds per planting hole (A) consisting of three levels, namely one seed (A1), two seeds (A2), and three seeds per planting hole (A3). Subplots were organic and inorganic fertilization (B) which consists of four levels, namely without fertilization (B0), 100% bokashi from Cromolaena odorata or 10 tons ha-1 (B1), giving 100 % inorganic fertilizer or Urea 200 kg ha-1, SP-36 100 kg ha-1, KCl 100 kg ha-1 (B2), and a combination of 50% bokashi fertilizer or 5 tons ha-1, and 50% inorganic fertilizer or Urea 100 kg ha-1, SP-36 50 kg ha-1, KCl 50 kg ha-1 (B3). Plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, productive and maximum of tillers, harvesting age, flag leaf area, length of panicle, total number of grains, percentage of open grain, grain weight of 1000 grains, dry grain weight, and yield were the variables observed. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and further DMRT α= 0.05. The results showed that three seeds per planting hole were the best treatment to increase the number of productive tillers, namely 7.8 tillers with a production of 1.52 tons ha-1 or an increase in productivity by 5% compared to one seed per planting hole. A balanced fertilization combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers is the best treatment that can increase the number of productive tillers, namely 7.1 tillers with a production of 1.8 tons ha-1 or an increase in productivity of 16% compared to without fertilization.","PeriodicalId":300276,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Haluoleo","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Buletin Penelitian Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Haluoleo","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.37149/bpsosek.v24i2.288","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze the effect of plant population and fertilization based on efficiency and nutrient adequacy balanced between organic and inorganic on the growth and yield of local upland rice Wakawondu cultivar. The treatment design was split-plot in a randomized block design with three replications. The main plot was the number of seeds per planting hole (A) consisting of three levels, namely one seed (A1), two seeds (A2), and three seeds per planting hole (A3). Subplots were organic and inorganic fertilization (B) which consists of four levels, namely without fertilization (B0), 100% bokashi from Cromolaena odorata or 10 tons ha-1 (B1), giving 100 % inorganic fertilizer or Urea 200 kg ha-1, SP-36 100 kg ha-1, KCl 100 kg ha-1 (B2), and a combination of 50% bokashi fertilizer or 5 tons ha-1, and 50% inorganic fertilizer or Urea 100 kg ha-1, SP-36 50 kg ha-1, KCl 50 kg ha-1 (B3). Plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, productive and maximum of tillers, harvesting age, flag leaf area, length of panicle, total number of grains, percentage of open grain, grain weight of 1000 grains, dry grain weight, and yield were the variables observed. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and further DMRT α= 0.05. The results showed that three seeds per planting hole were the best treatment to increase the number of productive tillers, namely 7.8 tillers with a production of 1.52 tons ha-1 or an increase in productivity by 5% compared to one seed per planting hole. A balanced fertilization combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers is the best treatment that can increase the number of productive tillers, namely 7.1 tillers with a production of 1.8 tons ha-1 or an increase in productivity of 16% compared to without fertilization.
本研究旨在分析基于效率和有机与无机养分平衡的植物种群和施肥对当地旱稻品种Wakawondu生长和产量的影响。治疗设计为分裂图,随机区组设计,3个重复。主样块为每播洞种子数(A),分为3个水平,即1粒种子(A1)、2粒种子(A2)和3粒种子(A3)。有机和无机施肥(B)由4个水平组成,即不施肥(B0)、100%绿草木或10吨ha-1 (B1)、100%无机肥料或尿素200 kg ha-1、SP-36 100 kg ha-1、KCl 100 kg ha-1 (B2)和50%无机肥料或尿素5吨ha-1、50%无机肥料或尿素100 kg ha-1、SP-36 50 kg ha-1、KCl 50 kg ha-1 (B3)。观察的变量为株高、叶数、叶面积、分蘖产量和最大值、采收年龄、旗叶面积、穗长、总粒数、开粒率、千粒重、干粒重和产量。数据采用方差分析进行统计学分析,进一步的DMRT α= 0.05。结果表明,每播穴3粒种子是增加有效分蘖数的最佳处理,即7.8个分蘖,产量为1.52 t hm -1,比每播穴1粒种子增产5%。有机肥和无机肥的平衡施肥组合是最好的处理,可以增加生产性分蘖数,即7.1个分蘖,产量为1.8吨每公顷,与不施肥相比,生产力提高16%。