SCIENTIFIC ACHIEVEMENTS OF I.M. YEREMEIEV – A SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL PLANT BREEDING

Abstract

The article deals with the contribution of Professor I.M. Yeremeiev to the development of domestic science and practice, based on the references and publications. The urgency of the research is determined by the fact that the driving force of the social and economic level of the country is the development of science and technology. Achievements of domestic scientists are one of the determining factors of technical progress and economic development of the state. The general scientific principles and methods are the methodological basis of the research. In the process of the research, the scientific activity of I.M. Yeremeiev, the outstanding scientist and breeder, on the creation of plastic, durable, high-protein and high-yield varieties, development of theoretical bases and methods of the breeding process was analyzed. It is emphasized that he went down in the history of breeding as a leading co-author of the winter wheat «Ukrainka 0246», which is the pride of domestic breeding and a calling card of Ukraine. It is noted that the variety received its name in 1920, was regionalized in 1929 and in 1956 was approved by the UN as an international standard for strong wheat, thanks to its high yield and good baking qualities, it became an important article of Soviet export and recognized worldwide bread quality standard. It is pointed out that «Ukrainka 0246» was used in crossbreeding directly and through varieties bred with its participation. Its descendants are more than 300 varieties. It was found out that the Leninhrad Breeding Station under the leadership of I.M. Yeremeiev bred and handed over to the state commission for testing the varieties of wheat, oats, barley and peas. The winter wheat DС 2444, the spring wheat varieties – Tulun 3А/32 and Tulun 70В/8 and Alhausen buckwheat were regionalized. However, the main achievement of I. M. Yeremeiev's life is the creation and distribution of «Ukrainka 0246» variety.