Prevalence of Blood Groups at the Blood Transfusion Center at the Military Hospital Avicenna of Marrakech

Abstract

The ABO and RHD systems represent the most immunogenic systems and the most sought after in blood transfusion. The objective of this work was to present new statistics of phenotypic prevalence of ABO and RHD systems in Morocco using a new sample. Our study was a retrospective, descriptive and epidemiological one carried out at the Blood Transfusion Center at the Avicenne Military Hospital in Marrakech on a sample of 10,000 donors collected between the year 2009 and the year 2017. The study of the expression Erythrocyte blood group antigens by the serological phenotyping technique was based on haemagglutination. Double determination was necessary to avoid the risk of grouping errors. This technique was simple and inexpensive, and today remains a gold standard for immunohematology. At the end of this study, the frequency of the antigens of the red blood cell systems ABO and RHD was as follows: ABO system: A (32.7%), B (16.33%), AB (5.26%), O (45.71%). RHD system: RHD positive (92.29%), RHD negative (7.71%). Our results were compared to other previous Moroccan and other foreign countries studies; this allowed us to locate hemotypologically the transfusion center of the Avicenne military hospital of Marrakech in the world. At the end of this study, we have concluded that our results were consistent with previous studies in Morocco. These results were identical to those found in the Mediterranean countries and showed that Morocco was in an intermediate position between the countries of Europe and those of Black Africa.