Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.11648/j.ajlm.20240902.11
Fedwa Cherrafi, H. Boumaazi, H. Yahyaoui, M. Ameur, M. Chakour
Background: Acute leukemia has a particularly bad prognosis in the newborn era. Its prognosis is significantly poorer than in older youngsters. The occurrence of leukaemia in the neonatal period can present diagnostic challenges due to the rarity of the condition and its clinical presentation, which may be misleading or inconspicuous. Case report: A case of neonatal acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) in a newborn with trisomy 21 is presented herein. The patient was admitted with respiratory distress and a clinical examination revealed a facial dysmorphic syndrome, pallor, hepatosplenomegaly, and a bone marrow failure syndrome with bone marrow invasion by 36% myeloblasts, confirming the diagnosis of AML. The immunophenotyping results indicated that the patient had AML0, with a low CD13+ and CD33+ MPO myeloid population. During the patient's hospitalisation, a multi-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae urinary tract infection was diagnosed, and septic shock was diagnosed after four days. Conclusion: Acute neonatal leukaemia is a rare and complex condition that requires the expertise of both neonatologists and paediatric haematologists.
{"title":"Neonatal Leukaemia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature","authors":"Fedwa Cherrafi, H. Boumaazi, H. Yahyaoui, M. Ameur, M. Chakour","doi":"10.11648/j.ajlm.20240902.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20240902.11","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Background:</i> Acute leukemia has a particularly bad prognosis in the newborn era. Its prognosis is significantly poorer than in older youngsters. The occurrence of leukaemia in the neonatal period can present diagnostic challenges due to the rarity of the condition and its clinical presentation, which may be misleading or inconspicuous. <i>Case report:</i> A case of neonatal acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) in a newborn with trisomy 21 is presented herein. The patient was admitted with respiratory distress and a clinical examination revealed a facial dysmorphic syndrome, pallor, hepatosplenomegaly, and a bone marrow failure syndrome with bone marrow invasion by 36% myeloblasts, confirming the diagnosis of AML. The immunophenotyping results indicated that the patient had AML0, with a low CD13+ and CD33+ MPO myeloid population. During the patient's hospitalisation, a multi-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae urinary tract infection was diagnosed, and septic shock was diagnosed after four days. <i>Conclusion:</i> Acute neonatal leukaemia is a rare and complex condition that requires the expertise of both neonatologists and paediatric haematologists.\u0000","PeriodicalId":320526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141832950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.11648/j.ajlm.20240901.12
Motaz Mohammed
Intestinal helminths infection remains a public health concern in the developing countries. Over 1.5 billion people on a global scale are infected with one or more intestinal helminths. Sub - Saharan Africa is considered among the most affected areas with helminths infections. These infection rates are linked with factors such as socioeconomic status, personal hygiene, overcrowding and poor waste management. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of intestinal helminths infections among Mogadishu residents attending Somali Sudanese specialized hospital. The presented study was designed as a descriptive cross - sectional hospital - based study conducted at Somali Sudanese specialized hospital at Mogadishu, Somalia, during the period from November 2022 to April 2023. Stool samples were collected from 1865 Mogadishu residents attending Somali Sudanese Specialized Hospital. Helminths infections were confirmed by identification of the diagnostic stage of the parasite under light microscope. The study findings indicated that the prevalence of intestinal helminths was 2.0%. The distribution of the parasitic infections was 0.7%, 0.6%, 0.4%, 0.3% (Trichuris trichiura, Enterobius vermicularis, Hymenolepis nana, and Ascaris lumbricoides) respectively. This result showed that the most common infection is caused by Trichuris trichiura followed by Enterobius vermicularis with Ascaris lumbricoides being the least common. The high prevalence of intestinal helminths infections among Mogadishu residents highlights a poor personal hygiene.
{"title":"Prevalence of Intestinal Helminths Among Mogadishu Residents Attending Somali Sudanese Specialized Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia","authors":"Motaz Mohammed","doi":"10.11648/j.ajlm.20240901.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20240901.12","url":null,"abstract":"Intestinal helminths infection remains a public health concern in the developing countries. Over 1.5 billion people on a global scale are infected with one or more intestinal helminths. Sub - Saharan Africa is considered among the most affected areas with helminths infections. These infection rates are linked with factors such as socioeconomic status, personal hygiene, overcrowding and poor waste management. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of intestinal helminths infections among Mogadishu residents attending Somali Sudanese specialized hospital. The presented study was designed as a descriptive cross - sectional hospital - based study conducted at Somali Sudanese specialized hospital at Mogadishu, Somalia, during the period from November 2022 to April 2023. Stool samples were collected from 1865 Mogadishu residents attending Somali Sudanese Specialized Hospital. Helminths infections were confirmed by identification of the diagnostic stage of the parasite under light microscope. The study findings indicated that the prevalence of intestinal helminths was 2.0%. The distribution of the parasitic infections was 0.7%, 0.6%, 0.4%, 0.3% (Trichuris trichiura, Enterobius vermicularis, Hymenolepis nana, and Ascaris lumbricoides) respectively. This result showed that the most common infection is caused by Trichuris trichiura followed by Enterobius vermicularis with Ascaris lumbricoides being the least common. The high prevalence of intestinal helminths infections among Mogadishu residents highlights a poor personal hygiene.\u0000","PeriodicalId":320526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":" 71","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140993482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.11648/j.ajlm.20230803.12
Louis Nicas
{"title":"Evaluation of the Medical Laboratory Equipment Standardization and Harmonization Program on Availability of Reagents and Controls at Council Hospitals","authors":"Louis Nicas","doi":"10.11648/j.ajlm.20230803.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20230803.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":320526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132149429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-04DOI: 10.11648/j.ajlm.20230802.12
Elham Zeehrah, M. Al-Amad
{"title":"Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG Among Medical Care Providers in Sana’a Capital, Yemen, 2021","authors":"Elham Zeehrah, M. Al-Amad","doi":"10.11648/j.ajlm.20230802.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20230802.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":320526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117101596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-04DOI: 10.11648/j.ajlm.20230803.11
Shu Xian Lee, Benita Yong Wu, K. Suter, Matthew Scott Lokant, A. Ward, Amy Spigelmyer, Jesse Martin Thompson, R. Demkowicz, Catessa A Howard, P. Rocco LaSala, Rebecca Reece
: Delayed treatment in bacteremia increases patient morbidity and healthcare costs. Accelerate Pheno™ Blood Culture Detection System (AXDX) is a novel diagnostic technology for the rapid detection of gram-negative bacteremia. Studies have shown accurate and faster time to speciation and sensitivity (TTSS) by AXDX compared to conventional modality. However, however, our study further examined the direct impact of AXDX on clinical outcomes and cost. Our retrospective study consisted of 178 patients at least 18 years old admitted to our academic medical institution with gram-negative
{"title":"Clinical Outcomes with Implementation of Accelerate Pheno™ Blood Culture Detection System for Gram-Negative Bacteremia","authors":"Shu Xian Lee, Benita Yong Wu, K. Suter, Matthew Scott Lokant, A. Ward, Amy Spigelmyer, Jesse Martin Thompson, R. Demkowicz, Catessa A Howard, P. Rocco LaSala, Rebecca Reece","doi":"10.11648/j.ajlm.20230803.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20230803.11","url":null,"abstract":": Delayed treatment in bacteremia increases patient morbidity and healthcare costs. Accelerate Pheno™ Blood Culture Detection System (AXDX) is a novel diagnostic technology for the rapid detection of gram-negative bacteremia. Studies have shown accurate and faster time to speciation and sensitivity (TTSS) by AXDX compared to conventional modality. However, however, our study further examined the direct impact of AXDX on clinical outcomes and cost. Our retrospective study consisted of 178 patients at least 18 years old admitted to our academic medical institution with gram-negative","PeriodicalId":320526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121897727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-09DOI: 10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.12
Ummay Tania Akter, Sajjad Bin Sogir, Tapati Basak
{"title":"On the Basics of Pedigree Visualization and Feature Extraction for the Autosomal Recessive Inheritance Pattern","authors":"Ummay Tania Akter, Sajjad Bin Sogir, Tapati Basak","doi":"10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":320526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-21DOI: 10.11648/J.AJLM.20210605.12
Lazrak Fatima Zahrae, S. Hajar, Rahali Fatima Zahra, Yahyaoui Hicham, S. Sanaa, A. A. Mustapha, C. Mohamed
Thrombocytopenia is defined by a number of circulating platelets less than 150 G/l. Realization of a blood smear is necessary to find out its reality and to study platelet morphology. Several mechanisms may be involved: peripheral thrombocytopenia by destruction, consumption or hypersplenism and central thrombocytopenia dominated by haematological malignancies. The aim of this study is to describe thrombocytopenia in children received at our hospital. This is a prospective study, including all thrombocytopenic children from 0 to 15 years old who received a blood count at the Hematology Laboratory for 1 month. A blood smear will be systematically performed for false thrombocytopenia and for the study of platelet morphology. The etiological determination will be made by the exploitation of the files at the level of clinical services. The average age of patients was 4 years with extremes ranging from 2 daysAt 15 years old, predominantly female, 53% (24 girls/21 boys), with a sex ratio of 0.87. Of the 45 cases, 42% were from a completed follow-up pregnancy, 15% had the concept of consanguinity in their antecedents. The myelogram showed AML in 7% of cases, ALL in 4%, 9% in leishmania, LMMC in 2% and myelofibrosis in 2%. Infection, leukemia and leishmaniasis with 39%, 25% and 11% are the most implicated causes in the development of thrombocytopenia in children in the study population. Thrombocytopenia is defined in children by a platelet count of less than 150 G/L, normal values before the age of 15 years are 95% of children between 165 and 473 G/L with a median value of 299 G/L [1]. The discovery of a fortuitous thrombocytopenia during a hemogram or when the child presents to the emergencies with cutaneo-mucous haemorrhagic manifestations must initiate a rigorous diagnosis.
{"title":"Prevalence and Description of Thrombocytopenia in Children at University Hospital Mohammed VI Marrakech","authors":"Lazrak Fatima Zahrae, S. Hajar, Rahali Fatima Zahra, Yahyaoui Hicham, S. Sanaa, A. A. Mustapha, C. Mohamed","doi":"10.11648/J.AJLM.20210605.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJLM.20210605.12","url":null,"abstract":"Thrombocytopenia is defined by a number of circulating platelets less than 150 G/l. Realization of a blood smear is necessary to find out its reality and to study platelet morphology. Several mechanisms may be involved: peripheral thrombocytopenia by destruction, consumption or hypersplenism and central thrombocytopenia dominated by haematological malignancies. The aim of this study is to describe thrombocytopenia in children received at our hospital. This is a prospective study, including all thrombocytopenic children from 0 to 15 years old who received a blood count at the Hematology Laboratory for 1 month. A blood smear will be systematically performed for false thrombocytopenia and for the study of platelet morphology. The etiological determination will be made by the exploitation of the files at the level of clinical services. The average age of patients was 4 years with extremes ranging from 2 daysAt 15 years old, predominantly female, 53% (24 girls/21 boys), with a sex ratio of 0.87. Of the 45 cases, 42% were from a completed follow-up pregnancy, 15% had the concept of consanguinity in their antecedents. The myelogram showed AML in 7% of cases, ALL in 4%, 9% in leishmania, LMMC in 2% and myelofibrosis in 2%. Infection, leukemia and leishmaniasis with 39%, 25% and 11% are the most implicated causes in the development of thrombocytopenia in children in the study population. Thrombocytopenia is defined in children by a platelet count of less than 150 G/L, normal values before the age of 15 years are 95% of children between 165 and 473 G/L with a median value of 299 G/L [1]. The discovery of a fortuitous thrombocytopenia during a hemogram or when the child presents to the emergencies with cutaneo-mucous haemorrhagic manifestations must initiate a rigorous diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":320526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128927426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.11648/J.AJLM.20210605.11
S. Hajar, Lazrak Fatima Zahrae, Yahyaoui Hicham, A. A. Mustapha, C. Mohamed
The myelogram is an essential investigation for the diagnosis and management of malignant hemopathies. The final interpretation requires the integration of peripheral blood count and smear, with the results of supplementary tests such as immunophenotyping, cytogenetic analysis and molecular genetic studies as appropriate, in the context of clinical and other diagnostic findings. This retrospective study conducted at the Hematology Laboratory of the Military hospital Avicenna in Marrakech over a period of two years, from January 2018 to December 2019, aimed to evaluate the practice and the contribution of the myelogram in diagnosis in patients in the Hematology Laboratory and to report the epidemiological profile of malignant hemopathies diagnosed in our Laboratory. In our study, out of 420 myelograms received in the Hematology Laboratory of the military hospital in Marrakech, 70 cases (17%) of malignant hemopathies were collected. The predominant age range was 61 to 70 years old. The male gender was predominant (64%) with a sex-ratio at 1,8. The clinical indications of myelogram were dominated by anemic syndrome, tumoral syndrome. Biologically, the Peripheral Blood count and smear abnormalities were the most frequent. Acute leukemias were accounted for 35% of all malignant pathologies diagnosed in our laboratory of which 79% myeloid, 21% lymphoid. Multiple myelomas were found in 33%, myelodysplastic syndromes in 17% and Chronic myeloid leukemia in 9%. The role of the myelogram in diagnostic of malignant hemopathies is based on its good interpretation which is directly linked to the rigor of its realization.
{"title":"The Role of Myelogram in Diagnosis of Malignant Hemopathies","authors":"S. Hajar, Lazrak Fatima Zahrae, Yahyaoui Hicham, A. A. Mustapha, C. Mohamed","doi":"10.11648/J.AJLM.20210605.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJLM.20210605.11","url":null,"abstract":"The myelogram is an essential investigation for the diagnosis and management of malignant hemopathies. The final interpretation requires the integration of peripheral blood count and smear, with the results of supplementary tests such as immunophenotyping, cytogenetic analysis and molecular genetic studies as appropriate, in the context of clinical and other diagnostic findings. This retrospective study conducted at the Hematology Laboratory of the Military hospital Avicenna in Marrakech over a period of two years, from January 2018 to December 2019, aimed to evaluate the practice and the contribution of the myelogram in diagnosis in patients in the Hematology Laboratory and to report the epidemiological profile of malignant hemopathies diagnosed in our Laboratory. In our study, out of 420 myelograms received in the Hematology Laboratory of the military hospital in Marrakech, 70 cases (17%) of malignant hemopathies were collected. The predominant age range was 61 to 70 years old. The male gender was predominant (64%) with a sex-ratio at 1,8. The clinical indications of myelogram were dominated by anemic syndrome, tumoral syndrome. Biologically, the Peripheral Blood count and smear abnormalities were the most frequent. Acute leukemias were accounted for 35% of all malignant pathologies diagnosed in our laboratory of which 79% myeloid, 21% lymphoid. Multiple myelomas were found in 33%, myelodysplastic syndromes in 17% and Chronic myeloid leukemia in 9%. The role of the myelogram in diagnostic of malignant hemopathies is based on its good interpretation which is directly linked to the rigor of its realization.","PeriodicalId":320526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129894718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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