THREE-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATION OF FLUID FLOW THROUGH A DISCRETE FRACTURE AND MATRIX

K. M. Sharma, T. Ansari
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Abstract

The study of fluid flow mechanics in fractured porous rocks is crucial in the area of oil and gas production industries, enhanced geothermal system (EGS), CO2 sequestration, disposal of nuclear waste in deep geological repositories (DGR), etc. There are usually two types of flows in fractured rockmass setting. The dominant flow occurs through the fractures whereas there is also a slow movement of fluid through the matrix block. The fluid movement between fracture and matrix is often continuous across the fracture. The present study focuses on the development of a numerical model which can simulate the flow behavior through fracture and matrix simultaneously, which is also known as dual permeability model. To simulate this problem, a 3D model is built in COMSOL Multiphysics 4.3a where a cylindrical geometry is made, and a fracture is defined parallel to the axis of the geometry. The asperity of the fracture is defined by a variable ‘a’ which varies along the x-axis, in such a way that increases the value of ‘a’ alters the geometry of fracture and increases the roughness of fracture. Darcy flow physics is used to simulate the situation with known parameters like porosity, permeability, storage coefficient, etc. Pressure is applied as a boundary condition at two ends of the geometry which acts as driving force for fluid to flow through the block. The influence of fracture asperity on the flow behavior is examined by doing the parametric study and the study shows the decrement in the velocity magnitude with an increase in asperity. The formation of dual flow velocity regime, one along the defined fracture and the other along with the matrix, indicates the efficiency of the developed dual-porosity and permeability model.
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流体通过离散裂缝和基质的三维模拟
裂缝性多孔岩石流体流动力学研究在油气生产、增强型地热系统(EGS)、CO2封存、核废料深埋处置(DGR)等领域具有重要意义。在裂隙岩体环境中,通常有两种类型的流动。主要流动发生在裂缝中,同时也有缓慢的流体运动穿过基质块体。裂缝和基质之间的流体运动通常是连续的。本文的研究重点是建立一种能够同时模拟裂缝和基质渗流行为的数值模型,即双渗透模型。为了模拟这个问题,在COMSOL Multiphysics 4.3a中建立了一个3D模型,其中制作了一个圆柱形几何体,并定义了平行于几何体轴线的裂缝。裂缝的粗糙度由变量a定义,该变量a沿x轴变化,因此a值的增加会改变裂缝的几何形状,并增加裂缝的粗糙度。达西流动物理用于模拟已知孔隙度、渗透率、储气系数等参数的情况。压力作为几何两端的边界条件,作为流体流过块的驱动力。通过参数化研究,考察了裂缝粗糙度对流动特性的影响,结果表明,随着裂缝粗糙度的增大,速度大小减小。沿裂缝方向和沿基质方向形成的双流速区表明了所建立的双孔渗模型的有效性。
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