METHODS OF ECOLOGICAL DESIGN OF SCHOOLS AND KINDERGARTENS

Abstract

The article deals with the problems of environmental degradation in the Kursk region as a result of anthropo-genic activity. The attention is focused on the administrative center of this region, its climatic and ecological state. Analyzed the situation of the environment and its impact on children of school and preschool age. Life in the city forces citizens to face daily imbalances that occur with human intervention in the natural ecosystem. The creation of architectural spaces that correspond to the age and characteristics of the socialization of children, providing a har-monious natural environment, is aimed primarily at the development of mental and physical health. The comfortable object-spatial environment of educational centers seeks to develop the abilities of preschool and school-age children to the maximum. To this end, the article considers foreign experience in the environmental design of educational insti-tutions - schools and kindergartens. Kursk, located in the west of Russia, is characterized by a temperate continental climate with no priority wind directions. Its general ecological characteristics are quite high in comparison with other subjects. Based on the anal-ysis of data on air pollution, precipitation, harmful substances in building materials, proposals are made on ways to level adverse factors in the design of children's school and preschool institutions. A design solution is proposed for the educational complex (secondary school and kindergarten), from innovative structures of special rigidity and strength, made by industrial methods, which ensures quick and high-quality assembly of the object at the construction site. The compositional and planning solution of the complex takes into account the favorable orientation of class-rooms and group rooms; the adopted form of the building is due to wind protection and functional zoning, and is generally aimed at creating an optimal and safe space.