The Cost of Lower Emissions: An Appraisal for Five LAC Economies Using CGE Models

Omar O. Chisari, Sebastián Miller
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Climate change mitigation policies have begun to be discussed in Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries in recent years. However, the economic effects of such policies - i. e. , winners and losers - may vary significantly across countries. This paper attempts to shed light on some of these differences for a set of five LAC countries that may in the future adopt or be forced to accept some form of carbon mitigation policy. To this end a single-country CGE model is used to simulate a set of domestic carbon taxes that the countries could adopt or face. The results show that the costs of reducing 1 percent of emissions are in a range of 0. 18 to 0. 32 percent of GDP. Although in all instances the primary objective of reducing emissions is achieved, the sectors that win/lose vary, making this type of analysis relevant for countries to use before adopting a given policy. There is evidence, however, that those costs could become benefits when carbon taxes are compensated with reductions in general taxes.
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低排放的成本:使用CGE模型对五个LAC经济体的评估
近年来,拉丁美洲和加勒比国家开始讨论减缓气候变化的政策。然而,这些政策的经济影响——即赢家和输家——在各国之间可能差别很大。本文试图阐明未来可能采用或被迫接受某种形式的碳减排政策的五个拉丁美洲和加勒比地区国家之间的一些差异。为此,一个单一国家的CGE模型被用来模拟各国可能采用或面临的一系列国内碳税。结果表明,减排1%的成本在0。18到0。占GDP的32%。虽然在所有情况下都实现了减少排放的主要目标,但获胜或失败的部门各不相同,这使得各国在采取特定政策之前使用这种类型的分析具有相关性。然而,有证据表明,当碳税被一般税收的减少所补偿时,这些成本可能会变成收益。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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