Phishing Fraud Detection on Ethereum using Graph Neural Network

Abstract

Blockchain has widespread applications in the financial field but has also attracted increasing cybercrimes. Recently, phishing fraud has emerged as a major threat to blockchain security, calling for the development of effective regulatory strategies. Nowadays network science has been widely used in modeling Ethereum transaction data, further introducing the network representation learning technology to analyze the transaction patterns. In this paper, we consider phishing detection as a graph classification task and propose an end-to-end Phishing Detection Graph Neural Network framework (PDGNN). Specifically, we first construct a lightweight Ethereum transaction network and extract transaction subgraphs of collected phishing accounts. Then we propose an end-to-end detection model based on Chebyshev-GCN to precisely distinguish between normal and phishing accounts. Extensive experiments on five Ethereum datasets demonstrate that our PDGNN significantly outperforms general phishing detection methods and scales well in large transaction networks.