Pathomechanics and gait analysis

G. Chapman, P. Helliwell
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Abstract

Gait analysis is the systematic study of human walking. This chapter summarizes currently available gait analysis techniques that are available to the clinician and researcher. Gait analysis can be used alongside clinical history and examination and other special investigations to gain a better understanding of the relationship between joint disease, impairment, and compensatory gait mechanisms. Abnormal pathology leads to abnormal biomechanics, and tools that demonstrate these changes can lead to insights into the effects of the disease on function, in disease progression, and the impact of physical treatments. Plantar pressure measurement techniques yield valuable information on structure and function and are probably the most likely tool to be used in clinical practice. Three-dimensional joint kinematic and kinetic analyses are more difficult to perform and interpret and are likely to remain largely research tools. Gait analysis techniques will drive experimental work to further advance core knowledge and inform future development of customized approaches to conservative therapies such as footwear and orthosis manufacture, as well as foot surgery.
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病理力学和步态分析
步态分析是对人类行走的系统研究。本章总结了目前可供临床医生和研究人员使用的步态分析技术。步态分析可以与临床病史、检查和其他特殊调查一起使用,以更好地了解关节疾病、损伤和代偿步态机制之间的关系。异常病理导致异常的生物力学,证明这些变化的工具可以深入了解疾病对功能,疾病进展和物理治疗影响的影响。足底压力测量技术提供了关于足底结构和功能的宝贵信息,可能是最有可能在临床实践中使用的工具。三维关节运动学和动力学分析更难以执行和解释,可能主要是研究工具。步态分析技术将推动实验工作,进一步推进核心知识,并为未来定制保守疗法的发展提供信息,如鞋类和矫形器制造,以及足部手术。
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