The Effect of Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization Exercises on Balance and Fear of Falling in Female Elderly

Abstract

Introduction: The present study was an attempt to investigate the effect of a course of dynamic neuromuscular stabilization (DNS) exercises on balance and fear of falling in female elderly with a history of falling.   Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 30 female elderly people with a history of falling based on entry and exit criteria were purposefully selected as a sample of study. Then, they were randomly assigned into two control and exercise groups. The variables related to static balance and dynamic balances were assessed by sharpened Romberg Test and Standing Up and Walking Test, respectively. Also, Falls Efficacy Scale International was used to measure the fear of falling. The exercise group performed DNS exercises for 8 weeks, 3 sessions, and 50 minutes per session. Data were analyzed by using paired t-test and analysis of covariance in SPSS24 software at the significant level of p < 0.05.   Results: A significant difference between pretest and posttest in static balance with open eyes (p = 0.0001, t = -7.19), static balance with closed eyes (p = 0.0001, t = -8.02), dynamic balance (p = 0.0001, t = 6.49) and fear of falling (p = 0.0001, t = 7.29) in DNS exercise group. Also, there were significant differences between DNS and control groups in static balance with open eyes (p = 0.0001, F = -14.67), static balance with closed eyes (p = 0.0001, F = 14.002), dynamic balance (p = 0.0001, F = 20.12) and fear of falling (p = 0.006, F = 09.07).   Conclusion: It is recommended that therapists use dynamic neuromuscular stabilization exercises in female elderly to improve balance and reduce the fear of falling.