Gain Enhanced X-Band Antenna using Novel Metasurface

Abstract

Metamaterials which possess low refractive indices are used to enhance the directivity of the antenna or its gain. They are structured from artificially made recurring patterns or these are obtained from dielectric engravings in various layers that have sub-wavelength measurements. Here a new, concise, high gain, highly directive, metasurface-based antenna structure has been proposed that consists of a fractal-patterned patch consisting of a regular organization of square patches. The Metasurface layer is structured above the FR4 substrate by periodic unit cells wherein the unit cell is built using a couple of C-shape structured patches at the center being encircled by a pair of L-shape structured patches at the outer surface. The antenna’s gain is increased by inserting a metasurface which acts as a superstrate to the patch. A 1.6 mm broad FR4 substrate sheet separates the antenna’s base layer from its main radiating portion. The antenna’s radiation pattern is extremely directed and has exceptional impedance matching. At a working frequency of 10.44GHz, a gain of 8.33 dB has been achieved, which is a very high gain. The antenna structure that was created is extremely effective and can be utilized for things like satellite communication, maritime vessel traffic control, defense tracking, and is used in the hospital sector.