Qualification Tests of OCTG Premium Connection under Cryogenic conditions for CCS projects

G. Nutricato, C. Repetto, R. Brambilla, Luca Dal Forno, D. Santoro, P. Nunzi, L. Martini, R. Eaton, Aureliano Piccolo, R. Zambetti, Jorge Cordero, Martin J. Goya, N. Santi, Erica Gibellini
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Abstract

In a global context aiming to unlock a low carbon future by industry decarbonization, developing the infrastructure for capturing and storing CO2 emissions is a key target of countries, energy companies and regulatory bodies. Injection for geological storage in suitable reservoirs is an advantageous option which presents challenges related to the completion accessories and string exposed to the injected fluid and the thermodynamical loads during injection and the well life. The purpose of this work is to simulate by numerical analysis and full-scale test, the behavior of a gas-tight Metal-to-Metal OCTG premium dope-free connection when subjected to low temperatures and loads generated by the effect of a sudden CO2 high pressure drop during injection in depleted reservoirs. Extreme temperature drop down caused by the Joule-Thompson (J-T) effect between injection conditions (P-T) inside the tubular and those in the annulus, may expose tubing connections to a thermal shock reaching a temperature near the theoretical figure of -78.5°C. This temperature drop assumed as worst-case scenario is also explored. The analysis is performed considering estimated loads for a CO2 injection case study. The numerical analysis and full-scale test performed confirm the structural and sealability performance of the connection is not affected by the exposure to such low temperatures. Additionally, transient thermal loads, with a drop of approximately 100°C, appears to be not critical for the metal-to-metal dope-free seal integrity and also not affecting the structural integrity of the connection. The challenges setting up of a prototype testing frame, simulating the cooling by thermal shock, lead to a methodology for assessing CCS projects premium connection able to define a robust testing protocol for cryogenic temperatures. The numerical and full-scale results collected on the tested connection size, together with the ones previously tested, allow extrapolation to near sizes of the same premium thread family. The results achieved by testing a premium connection which has been subjected to a thermal shock approaching -78.5°C represent a forefront in the industry, demonstrating the reliability of the product not only in operative conditions during CO2 injection, but also after an extreme event, assessing performance for the CCUS storage projects.
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CCS项目低温条件下OCTG优质连接的鉴定试验
在旨在通过工业脱碳开启低碳未来的全球背景下,发展捕获和储存二氧化碳排放的基础设施是各国、能源公司和监管机构的一个关键目标。在合适的储层中进行地质储层注入是一种有利的选择,但也面临着一些挑战,如完井附件和管柱暴露在注入流体中,以及注入过程中的热力学载荷和井寿命。这项工作的目的是通过数值分析和全尺寸测试来模拟气密金属-金属OCTG优质无毒品连接在低温下的行为,以及在枯竭油藏注入过程中突然产生的二氧化碳高压降的影响。由于管内注入条件(P-T)和环空注入条件(P-T)之间的焦耳-汤普森(J-T)效应导致的极端温度下降,可能会使油管连接处暴露在接近理论值-78.5℃的热冲击下。并对最坏情况下的温度下降进行了探讨。该分析是考虑二氧化碳注入案例研究的估计负荷进行的。数值分析和全尺寸试验表明,这种低温环境不会影响接头的结构性能和密封性能。此外,瞬态热载荷(下降约100°C)似乎对金属对金属无添加剂密封的完整性并不重要,也不会影响连接的结构完整性。建立一个原型测试框架,模拟热冲击冷却的挑战,导致了一种评估CCS项目优质连接的方法,能够定义一个强大的低温测试协议。在测试的连接尺寸上收集的数值和全尺寸结果,以及先前测试的结果,允许外推到接近相同优质螺纹系列的尺寸。在接近-78.5°C的热冲击条件下,通过测试优质连接获得的结果代表了行业的前沿,证明了该产品不仅在二氧化碳注入的操作条件下,而且在极端事件之后,评估CCUS存储项目的性能。
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