Performance Evaluation of Radio Resource Allocation Algorithm for 5G Device-to-Device Communication Underlying on 4G LTE Networks

Abstract

One of the advanced features of 5G technology is the Device-to-Device (D2D) communication, which capable of serving peer to peer communication, and D2D pair can communicate directly without having to pass through the Base Transceiver Station by re-using the frequency spectrum (resource) from the cellular user. D2D communication led to significant interference on mobile networks when sharing radio resources, and precise radio resource allocation requires algorithms to reduce interference. This study aims to evaluate the most optimal radio resource allocation algorithm of 5G D2D communication underlying on a 4G LTE network using heuristic algorithms, minimum interference algorithms, and random allocation algorithms. Each algorithm tested with the scenario that involved variations of the cell radius distance, the value of data rate, fairness, and energy efficiency to determine the most optimal algorithm. The result shows that the higher amount of cell radius distance in a system makes the value of the system's data rate, fairness, and energy efficiency smaller because the gain on the device in the system also becomes smaller. Heuristic algorithms were having better data rates and energy efficiency compared to other algorithms. Therefore, it is suitable to be used when the level of system complexity is high. However, it works less optimally when a system has a vast cell radius because the heuristic algorithm's performance value tends to decrease with a more significant difference at each increase.