MODERN METHODS OF CHRONIC PLACENTAL INSUFFICIENCY DIAGNOSTICS

Abstract

Chronic placental insufficiency is a serious problem for obstetricians and gynecologists worldwide, as it causes fetal hypoxia and growth retardation, and is also a risk factor for preeclampsia, which in turn negatively affects perinatal outcomes. In this regard, for proper routing and timely provision of medical care, it is necessary to competently use affordable and effective methods for diagnosing placental insufficiency. According to a number of authors, a high-risk group of pregnant women for the development of placental insufficiency can be distinguished on the basis of biochemical screening indicators of the first or second trimester, as well as Doppler ultrasound of the spiral arteries or the shape and echostructure of the placenta during ultrasound at 19–21 weeks. The aim of the study was to analyze the effectiveness of modern methods for diagnosing chronic placental insufficiency. A detailed systematic analysis of domestic and foreign literature on methods for diagnosing chronic placental insufficiency was carried out. The study used such information bases as eLibrary, PubMed, FIPS from the moment of its creation until March 2023. A total of 153 sources were analyzed by keywords, 45 of them were recognized as meeting the purpose of our study. Conclusion. Diagnosis of placental insufficiency should be based on an integrated approach, since only a combination of several methods gives a more accurate result.