Carbon–Methane Emissions and Sustainability of Agriculture: Empirical Evidence of Rice Cultivation

Abstract

The presentation of this paper aims to evaluate the potential influence of carbon and methane gas emissions caused by rice farmers’ production activities in Indonesia. According to the data and ranking released by Food and Agriculture Organization (2018) Indonesia is classified into the top three of the ten largest carbon emitting countries from the rice cultivation sector and ranked seventh in agriculture activities in total. Using the FAO data series and applying simple regression models found a significant relationship between rice production activities and increased carbon emissions equivalent (CO2eq.) as well as rural populations. The recommendation of the results of this study is the extension of organic farming activities supported by the results of subsequent research in increasing sustainable rice cultivation. Keywords— CO2, CH2, Emissions, Rice cultivation, Rural population