Production Planning for Mass Customization in Additive Manufacturing: Build Orientation Determination, 2D Packing and Scheduling

Yosep Oh, Chi Zhou, S. Behdad
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引用次数: 21

Abstract

The efficient production planning of Additively Manufactured (AM) parts is a key point for industry-scale adoption of AM. This study develops an AM-based production plan for the case of manufacturing a significant number of parts with different shapes and sizes by multiple machines with the ultimate purpose of reducing the cycle time. The proposed AM-based production planning includes three main steps: (1) determination of build orientation; (2) 2D packing of parts within the limited workspace of AM machines; and (3) scheduling parts on multiple AM machines. For making decision about build orientation, two main policies are considered: (1) laying policy in which the focus is on reducing the height of parts; and (2) standing policy which aims at minimizing the projection area on the tray to reduce the number of jobs. A heuristic algorithm is suggested to solve 2D packing and scheduling problems. A numerical example is conducted to identify which policy is more preferred in terms of cycle time. As a result, the standing policy is more preferred than the laying policy as the number of parts increases. In the case of testing 3,000 parts, the cycle time of standing policy is about 6% shorter than laying policy.
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增材制造大规模定制生产计划:构建方向确定,二维包装和调度
增材制造(AM)零件的高效生产计划是增材制造工业规模采用的关键。本研究针对多台机器制造大量不同形状和尺寸零件的情况,以减少周期时间为最终目的,开发了一种基于am的生产计划。提出的基于am的生产计划包括三个主要步骤:(1)确定构建方向;(2)在增材制造机器有限的工作空间内对零件进行二维包装;(3)在多台AM机上调度零件。在确定建筑方位时,主要考虑两种策略:(1)铺设策略,以降低部件高度为重点;(2)站立政策,旨在尽量减少托盘上的投影面积,以减少工作岗位的数量。提出了一种求解二维包装调度问题的启发式算法。通过一个数值例子来确定哪种策略在周期时间方面更受欢迎。因此,随着零件数量的增加,站立策略比铺设策略更受青睐。在测试3000个零件的情况下,备用策略的周期时间比铺设策略的周期时间短6%左右。
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